Explicit geodesics in Gromov-Hausdorff space

DOI10.3934/ERA.2018.25.006MaRDI QIDQ1994826zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Samir Chowdhury, Facundo Mémoli

Publication date 2 November 2018

Published in Electronic Research Announcements in Mathematical Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1603.02385

zbMATH Keywords

branchinggeodesicsGromov-Hausdorff distance

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Metric geometry (51F99) Global geometric and topological methods (à la Gromov); differential geometric analysis on metric spaces (53C23) Manifolds of metrics (especially Riemannian) (58D17)

Abstract: We provide an alternative, constructive proof that the collection $mathcalM$ of isometry classes of compact metric spaces endowed with the Gromov-Hausdorff distance is a geodesic space. The core of our proof is a construction of explicit geodesics on $mathcalM$. We also provide several interesting examples of geodesics on $mathcalM$, including a geodesic between $mathbb{S}^0$ and $mathbb{S}^n$ for any $ngeq1$.

Review text

The collection of isometry classes of compact metric spaces \((\mathcal{M}/\sim,d_{\text{GH}})\) is itself a metric space when endowed with the Gromov-Hausdorff distance: \[ d_{\text{GH}}([(X,d_X)],[(Y, d_Y)]) := \inf_{z,f,g}\{d_H(f(X), g(Y))\,|\, \}, \] where \(f:X\to Z\) and \(g:Y\to Z\) are isometric embeddings. In [\textit{A. O. Ivanov} et al., Math. Notes 100, No. 6, 883--885 (2016; Zbl 1377.54030); translation from Mat. Zametki 100, No. 6, 947--950 (2016)] it was shown that this space is geodesic. However the proof is not constructive. In the article in review a constructive proof is given through the explicit description of a certain class of geodesics. For the construction it is shown that there exists an optimal correspondence between any two metric spaces \((X, d_X)\) and \((Y, d_Y)\). A correspondence is a relation \(R \subseteq X \times Y\) such that for any \(x \in X\) there exists a \(y \in Y\) such that \((x,y) \in R\) and for any \(y \in Y\) there exists an \(x \in X\) such that \((x,y) \in R\). And furthermore this correspondence is optimal if its distortion is the infimum among all non-empty relations. The distortion of a relation \(R\) is defined to be: \[ \text{dis}(R) := \sup_{(x,y), (x',y') \in R} |d_X(x,x') - d_Y(y,y')|. \] The explicit description of a straight-line geodesic between \([X]\) and \([Y]\) is then given: Take an optimal correspondence \(R\) between the two spaces and define \(\gamma_R: [0,1] \to (\mathcal{M}/\sim,d_{\text{GH}})\) as follows \[ \gamma_R(0) := [(X, d_X)] \] \[ \gamma_R(1) := [(Y, d_Y)] \] and \[ \gamma_R(t) := [(R, d_{\gamma R(t)})] \, \text{for} t \in (0,1) \] where \[ d_{\gamma R(t)}((x,y), (x',y')) := (1-t)\cdot d_X(x,x') + t\cdot d_Y(y,y'). \] Note that not all the geodesics between compact metric spaces are of the form given by this construction. Furthermore branching of geodesics may happen in the Gromov-Hausdorff space. These cases are also explored in the article.

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Cited in

(23)

• On \(p\)-metric spaces and the \(p\)-Gromov-Hausdorff distance
• Branching geodesics of the Gromov-Hausdorff distance
• The Gromov-Hausdorff distances to simplexes
• The Gromov-Hausdorff metric on the space of compact metric spaces is strictly intrinsic
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• Geometric Averages of Partitioned Datasets
• Characterization of Gromov-type geodesics
• On inductive and inverse limits of systems of compact metric spaces and applications
• The Gromov-Hausdorff distance between spheres
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• Distances and isomorphism between networks: stability and convergence of network invariants
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• Interleaving by parts: join decompositions of interleavings and join-assemblage of geodesics
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• The problem of constructing geodesics in the Gromov-Hausdorff class: optimal Hausdorff realizations does not exists in general case
• Topological optimal transport for geometric cycle matching
• On metrics for analysis of functional data on geometric domains
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• Geometry and stability of supervised learning problems
• The Z-Gromov-Wasserstein distance
• Geometry of the space of partitioned networks: a unified theoretical and computational framework
• The geodesic problem in quasimetric spaces

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