Rigidity of mapping class group actions on S^1
Fundamental groups and their automorphisms (group-theoretic aspects) (20F34) 2-dimensional topology (including mapping class groups of surfaces, Teichmüller theory, curve complexes, etc.) (57K20) Topological methods in group theory (57M07) Group actions on manifolds and cell complexes in low dimensions (57M60)
Let \(\Sigma_{g}\) be an oriented surface of genus \(g\geq2\) and let \(\Gamma _{g}=\pi_{1}\Sigma_{g}.\) The mapping class group \(\text{Mod}_{g,1}\) consisting of isotopy classes of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of a surface with one marked point is an index two subgroup of \(\text{Mod}_{g,1}^{\pm}.\) As the group \(\text{Mod}_{g,1}^{\pm}\) can be indentified with \(\text{Aut}(\Gamma_{g}),\) the group \(\text{Mod}_{g,1}\) can be identified with an index two subgroup of \(\text{Aut}(\Gamma_{g})\) denoted by \(\text{Aut}_{+}(\Gamma_{g}).\) The Gromov boundary of \(\Gamma_{g}\) is a circle on which \(\text{Aut}(\Gamma_{g})\) acts faithfully by homeomorphisms. Thus, the identification \(\text{Aut}(\Gamma_{g})\cong\text{Mod}_{g,1}^{\pm}\) defines a standard action of \(\text{Aut}(\Gamma_{g})\) on \(S^{1}.\) In the present paper the authors prove the following theorem which answers a question of \textit{B. Farb} [Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 74, 11--55 (2006; Zbl 1191.57015)]. Let \(\rho :\text{Aut}_{+}(\Gamma_{g})\rightarrow\text{Homeo}_{+}(S^{1})\) be a homomorphism. Up to reversing the orientation of the circle, we have the following: if \(g\geq3,\) then \(\rho\) is either trivial or semiconjugate to the standard Gromov boundary action. If \(g=2,\) then \(\rho\) is either conjugate to a subgroup of \(\mathbb{Z}/10\mathbb{Z}\) acting by rotations, or is semiconjugate to the standard action.
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