Brändén's (p,q)-Eulerian polynomials, André permutations and continued fractions

DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2021.105445MaRDI QIDQ2019624zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Qiong Qiong Pan, Jiang Zeng

Publication date 21 April 2021

Published in Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.01747

zbMATH Keywords

continued fractions\((p,q)\)-Euler numbers\((p,q)\)-Eulerian polynomial\(\gamma\)-nonnegativeAndré permutations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Permutations, words, matrices (05A05) Exact enumeration problems, generating functions (05A15) Continued fractions (11A55) Bernoulli and Euler numbers and polynomials (11B68)

Abstract: In 2008 Br"and'en proved a $(p,q)$-analogue of the $gamma$-expansion formula for Eulerian polynomials and conjectured the divisibility of the $gamma$-coefficient $gamm{a}_{n,k}(p,q)$ by $(p+q{)}^k$. As a follow-up, in 2012 Shin and Zeng showed that the fraction $gamm{a}_{n,k}(p,q)/(p+q{)}^k$ is a polynomial in $N[p,q]$. The aim of this paper is to give a combinatorial interpretation of the latter polynomial in terms of Andr'e permutations, a class of objects first defined and studied by Foata, Sch"utzenberger and Strehl in the 1970s. It turns out that our result provides an answer to a recent open problem of Han, which was the impetus of this paper.

Recommendations

• The \(\gamma \)-coefficients of Brändén's \((p,q)\)-Eulerian polynomials and André permutations
• The symmetric and unimodal expansion of Eulerian polynomials via continued fractions
• The \(\gamma \)-positive coefficients arising in segmented permutations
• A summation formula related to \(q\)-Eulerian polynomials.
• Gamma-positivity of variations of Eulerian polynomials

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Cited in

(7)

• Cycles of even-odd drop permutations and continued fractions of Genocchi numbers
• The symmetric and unimodal expansion of Eulerian polynomials via continued fractions
• On pattern avoidance in matchings and involutions
• On the \(cd\)-index for alternating descents
• The \(\gamma \)-positive coefficients arising in segmented permutations
• The \(\gamma \)-coefficients of Brändén's \((p,q)\)-Eulerian polynomials and André permutations
• Enumeration of permutations by the parity of descent positions

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