The Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index on manifolds with non-compact boundary

Abstract: We study the index of the APS boundary value problem for a strongly Callias-type operator D on a complete Riemannian manifold

M

. We show that this index is equal to an index on a simpler manifold whose boundary is a disjoint union of two complete manifolds

N_{0}

and

N_{1}

. If the dimension of

M

is odd we show that the latter index depends only on the restrictions

A_{0}

and

A_{1}

of

D

to

N_{0}

and

N_{1}

and thus is an invariant of the boundary. We use this invariant to define the relative eta-invariant

e t a (A_{1}, A_{0})

. We show that even though in our situation the eta-invariants of

A_{1}

and

A_{0}

are not defined, the relative eta-invariant behaves as if it was the difference

e t a (A_{1}) - e t a (A_{0})

.

Review text

The paper is well written, well documented and of huge interest in index theory. The paper deals with an intensive study of an index theory for a Callias-type operator \(\mathcal{D}\) (see Definition 3.4) on a complete Riemannian manifold \(M\) with boundary, \(\partial M\), which is non-compact. More explicitly, as in the work of \textit{N. Highson} [Int. J. Math. 1, No. 2, 189--210 (1990; Zbl 0714.58054)] on mod k index theory, the authors relate the index of \(\mathcal{D}\), \(index(\mathcal{D})\), to a much more simple index, on a simple manifold whose boundary decomposes into disjoint union of complete manifolds. Moreover, when the dimension of \(M\) is odd, they show that \(index(\mathcal{D})\) is invariant under deformations of the interior of \(M\) (see Theorem 7.5). This allows them to define the relative eta invariant associated to spectral sections for \(\mathcal{D}|_{\partial M}\) (see Definition 8.5 and Proposition 8.8).

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