Singularity of maps of several variables and a problem of Mycielski concerning prevalent homeomorphisms

Length, area, volume, other geometric measure theory (28A75) Set functions and measures on topological groups or semigroups, Haar measures, invariant measures (28C10) Baire category, Baire spaces (54E52) Topological properties of groups of homeomorphisms or diffeomorphisms (57S05) Probability measures on topological spaces (60B05)

Abstract: S. Banach pointed out that the graph of the generic (in the sense of Baire category) element of

e x t H o m e o ([0, 1])

has length

2

. J. Mycielski asked if the measure theoretic dual holds, i.e., if the graph of all but Haar null many (in the sense of Christensen) elements of

e x t H o m e o ([0, 1])

have length

2

. We answer this question in the affirmative. We call

f i n e x t H o m e o ([0, 1]^{d})

singular if it takes a suitable set of full measure to a nullset, and strongly singular if it is almost everywhere differentiable with singular derivative matrix. Since the graph of

f i n e x t H o m e o ([0, 1])

has length

2

iff

f

is singular iff

f

is strongly singular, the following results are the higher dimensional analogues of Banach's observation and our solution to Mycielski's problem. We show that for

d g e 2

the graph of the generic element of

e x t H o m e o ([0, 1]^{d})

has infinite

d

-dimensional Hausdorff measure, contrasting the above result of Banach. The measure theoretic dual remains open, but we show that the set of elements of

e x t H o m e o ([0, 1]^{d})

with infinite

d

-dimensional Hausdorff measure is not Haar null. We show that for

d g e 2

the generic element of

e x t H o m e o ([0, 1]^{d})

is singular but not strongly singular. We also show that for

d g e 2

almost every element of

e x t H o m e o ([0, 1]^{d})

is singular, but the set of strongly singular elements form a so called Haar ambivalent set (neither Haar null, nor co-Haar null). Finally, in order to clarify the situation, we investigate the various possible definitions of singularity for maps of several variables, and explore the connections between them.

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