Local and global geometry of the 2D Ising interface in critical prewetting

DOI10.1214/21-AOP1505MaRDI QIDQ2039464zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Shirshendu Ganguly, Reza Gheissari

Publication date 2 July 2021

Published in The Annals of Probability (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.10737

zbMATH Keywords

interfaceIsing modelentropic repulsionwetting transitioncube-root fluctuations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Random walks, random surfaces, lattice animals, etc. in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B41) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Interface problems; diffusion-limited aggregation arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B24)

Abstract: Consider the Ising model at low-temperatures and positive external field $lambda$ on an $NimesN$ box with Dobrushin boundary conditions that are plus on the north, east, and west boundaries and minus on the south boundary. If $lambda=0$, the interface separating the plus and minus phases is diffusive, having $O(sqrtN)$ height fluctuations, and the model is fully wetted. Under an order one field, the interface fluctuations are $O(1)$ and the interface is only partially wetted, being pinned to its southern boundary. We study the critical pre-wetting regime of $lambd{a}_{N}downarrow0$, where the height fluctuations are expected to scale as $lambd{a}^{-1/3}$ and the rescaled interface is predicted to converge to the Ferrari--Spohn diffusion. Velenik (2004) identified the order of the area under the interface up to logarithmic corrections. Since then, more refined features of such interfaces have only been identified in simpler models of random walks under area tilts. In this paper, we resolve several conjectures of Velenik regarding the refined features of the Ising interface in the critical pre-wetting regime. Our main result is a sharp bound on the one-point height fluctuation, proving $e^{-Theta(x^{3/2})}$ upper tails reminiscent of the Tracy--Widom distribution, capturing a tradeoff between the locally Brownian oscillations and the global field effect. We further prove a concentration estimate for the number of points above which the interface attains a large height. These are used to deduce various geometric properties of the interface, including the order and tails of the area it confines, and the poly-logarithmic pre-factor governing its maximum height fluctuation. Our arguments combine classical inputs from the random-line representation of the Ising interface, with novel local resampling and coupling schemes.

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Cited in

(12)

• A Short Introduction to Critical Interfaces in 2D
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• Approximate domain Markov property for rigid Ising interfaces
• Metastability for expanding bubbles on a sticky substrate

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