Stable surfaces and free boundary marginally outer trapped surfaces

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Publication:2048904



Abstract: We explore various notions of stability for surfaces embedded and immersed in spacetimes and initial data sets. The interest in such surfaces lies in their potential to go beyond the variational techniques which often underlie the study of minimal and CMC surfaces. We prove two versions of Christodoulou-Yau estimate for mathbfH-stable surfaces, a Cohn-Vossen type inequality for non-compact stable marginally outer trapped surface (MOTS), and a global theorem on the topology of mathbfH-stable surfaces. Moreover, we give a definition of capillary stability for MOTS with boundary. This notion of stability leads to an area inequality and a local splitting theorem for free boundary stable MOTS. Finally, we establish an index estimate and a diameter estimate for free boundary MOTS. These are straightforward generalizations of Chen-Fraser-Pang and Carlotto-Franz results for free boundary minimal surfaces, respectively.


In this paper the authors extend a variety of known results for stable surfaces immersed in spacetimes, specially for marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS). As examples of results, they find generalizations of the Cohn-Vossen inequality; the topological results of \(H\)-stable surfaces due to Meeks-Pérez-Ros; Gromov's polyhedral comparison theory for capillary and free-boundary MOTS; and area and diameter estimates of free-boundary minimal surfaces due to Fraser, Carlotto and Franz. In many cases, the generalizations are straightforward with unchanged arguments.



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