The spacetime positive mass theorem in dimensions less than eight
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Publication:2633996
Abstract: We prove the spacetime positive mass theorem in dimensions less than eight. This theorem states that for any asymptotically flat initial data set satisfying the dominant energy condition, the ADM energy-momentum vector of the initial data satisfies the inequality . Previously, this theorem was proven only for spin manifolds by E. Witten. Our proof is a modification of the minimal hypersurface technique that was used by the last named author and S.-T. Yau to establish the time-symmetric case. Instead of minimal hypersurfaces, we use marginally outer trapped hypersurfaces (MOTS) whose existence is guaranteed by earlier work of the first named author. An important part of our proof is to introduce an appropriate substitute for the area functional used in the time-symmetric case. We also establish a density theorem of independent interest that allows us to reduce the general case of our theorem to the case of initial data that has harmonic asymptotics and satisfies the strict dominant energy condition.
This elegant work presents a new approach to, and an interesting proof of, the well-known spacetime positive mass theorem, or as the authors prefer to refer to it more precisely, the positive energy theorem. A comprehensive review of the previous work done by others helps the reader appreciate even further the authors' proof as self-contained (vs. proof by reduction to a previous known case). In addition, another intriguing result of independent interest is established -- a density theorem. The authors use it to reduce the general case of the spacetime positive mass theorem to special case of initial data that has harmonic asymptotics and satisfies the strict dominant energy condition.
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