Least energy solutions to a cooperative system of Schrödinger equations with prescribed L^2-bounds: at least L^2-critical growth

DOI10.1007/S00526-021-02116-0MaRDI QIDQ2062972zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Jarosław Mederski, Jacopo Schino

Publication date 3 January 2022

Published in Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.02611

zbMATH Keywords

photonic crystalSchrödinger equations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Variational methods for second-order elliptic equations (35J20) PDEs in connection with quantum mechanics (35Q40) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Lasers, masers, optical bistability, nonlinear optics (78A60)

Abstract: We look for least energy solutions to the cooperative systems of coupled Schr"odinger equations �egin{equation*} �egin{cases} -Delta u_i + lambda_i u_i = partial_iG(u)quad mathrm{in} mathbb{R}^N, N geq 3, u_i in H^1(mathbb{R}^N), int_{mathbb{R}^N} |u_i|^2 , dx leq ho_i^2 end{cases} iin{1,dots,K} end{equation*} with $Ggeq0$, where $h{o}_i>0$ is prescribed and $(lambd{a}_i,u_i)inmathbbRimes{H}^1(mathbb{R}^N)$ is to be determined, $iin1,dots,K$. Our approach is based on the minimization of the energy functional over a linear combination of the Nehari and Pohov{z}aev constraints intersected with the product of the closed balls in $L^2(mathbb{R}^N)$ of radii $h{o}_i$, which allows to provide general growth assumptions about $G$ and to know in advance the sign of the corresponding Lagrange multipliers. We assume that $G$ has at least $L^2$-critical growth at $0$ and admits Sobolev critical growth. The more assumptions we make about $G$, $N$, and $K$, the more can be said about the minimizers of the corresponding energy functional. In particular, if $K=2$, $Nin3,4$, and $G$ satisfies further assumptions, then $u=(u_1,u_2)$ is normalized, i.e., $in{t}_{mathbb{R}^N}|u_i{|}^2,dx=h{o}_i^2$ for $iin1,2$.

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