Categorial independence and Lévy processes

DOI10.3842/SIGMA.2022.075MaRDI QIDQ2084155zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Malte Gerhold, Stephanie Lachs, Michael Schürmann

Publication date 18 October 2022

Published in SIGMA. Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.05139

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zbMATH Keywords

general independence monoidal categories noncommutative probability quantum stochastic processes synthetic probability

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Monoidal categories, symmetric monoidal categories (18M05) Generalized stochastic processes (60G20) Quantum groups and related algebraic methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R50)

Abstract: We generalize Franz' independence in tensor categories with inclusions from two morphisms (which represent generalized random variables) to arbitrary ordered families of morphisms. We will see that this only works consistently if the unit object is an initial object, in which case the inclusions can be defined starting from the tensor category alone. The obtained independence for morphisms is called categorial independence. We define categorial L'evy processes on every tensor category with initial unit object and present a construction generalizing the reconstruction of a L'evy process from its convolution semigroup via the Daniell-Kolmogorov theorem. Finally, we discuss examples showing that many known independences from algebra as well as from (noncommutative) probability are special cases of categorial independence.

Review text

\textit{U. Franz} [Lect. Notes Math. 1866, 181--257 (2006; Zbl 1130.81046)] defined independence on \textit{tensor categories with inclusions}. Whereas his definition works nicely for questions concerning independence of two random variables, the approach runs into trouble when there are more random variables involved. The principal objective in this paper is to solve this problem by considering tensor categories with initial unit object in place of tensor categories with inclusions, where Franz' notion of independence can be generalized to arbitrary ordered families of random variables called \textit{categorical independence}. The synopsis of the paper goes as follows. \begin{itemize} \item[\S 2] recalls basic facts about inductive limits and tensor categories. \item[\S 3] recalls Franz' original definition of categorical independence in tensor categories with inclusions, generalizing it it to more than two morphisms in case the inclusions are compatible. It is established that inclusions are compatible iff they are the canonical inclusions in a tensor category with initial unit object. \item[\S 4] introduces a categorical counterpart of convolution semigroups called \textit{comonoidal systems}. It is established, under mild assumptions, that comonoidal systems give rise to categorical Lévy processes by inductive limit constructions. \item[\S 5] addresses examples from algebra and (noncommutative) probability. \end{itemize}

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