Root vectors of polynomial and rational matrices: theory and computation

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2022.10.013zbMATH Open1504.15028arXiv2204.10955OpenAlexW4306155041MaRDI QIDQ2093531FDOQ2093531

Authors: Vanni Noferini, Paul van Dooren 

Publication date: 8 November 2022

Published in: Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The notion of root polynomials of a polynomial matrix $P(lambda)$ was thoroughly studied in [F. Dopico and V. Noferini, Root polynomials and their role in the theory of matrix polynomials, Linear Algebra Appl. 584:37--78, 2020]. In this paper, we extend such a systematic approach to general rational matrices $R(lambda)$, possibly singular and possibly with coalescent pole/zero pairs. We discuss the related theory for rational matrices with coefficients in an arbitrary field. As a byproduct, we obtain sensible definitions of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a rational matrix $R(lambda)$, without any need to assume that $R(lambda)$ has full column rank or that the eigenvalue is not also a pole. Then, we specialize to the complex field and provide a practical algorithm to compute them, based on the construction of a minimal state space realization of the rational matrix $R(lambda)$ and then using the staircase algorithm on the linearized pencil to compute the null space as well as the root polynomials in a given point $lambd{a}_0$. If $lambd{a}_0$ is also a pole, then it is necessary to apply a preprocessing step that removes the pole while making it possible to recover the root vectors of the original matrix: in this case, we study both the relevant theory (over a general field) and an algorithmic implementation (over the complex field), still based on minimal state space realizations.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.10955

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zbMATH Keywords

eigenvalueeigenvectorSmith formroot vectormaximal setrational matrixminimal basisroot polynomialcoalescent pole/zerolocal Smith form

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors (15A18) Canonical forms, reductions, classification (15A21) Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15) Matrix pencils (15A22)

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Cited In (16)

• Finite and infinite structures of rational matrices: a local approach
• On computing root polynomials and minimal bases of matrix pencils
• The \(\mathbb{DL}(P)\) vector space of pencils for singular matrix polynomials
• Root polynomials and their role in the theory of matrix polynomials
• Van Dooren's index sum theorem and rational matrices with prescribed structural data
• On Matrix Polynomials with Real Roots
• Revisiting the Matrix Polynomial Greatest Common Divisor
• Invertible bases and root vectors for analytic matrix-valued functions
• Decomposition of a rational matrix into partial fractions
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• The continuous kernel of a nonsquare rational matrix function
• Para-Hermitian rational matrices
• Computing a compact local Smith–McMillan form
• A degree property of rational matrices
• Perturbation Theory of Transfer Function Matrices
• On generalizing trace minimization principles. II

Uses Software

• NLEIGS

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