Hyper-Kähler manifolds

DOI10.1007/S00032-022-00366-XMaRDI QIDQ2107590zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 2 December 2022

Published in Milan Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.02087

Abstract: The aim of these notes is to acquaint the reader with important objects in complex algebraic geometry: K3 surfaces and their higher-dimensional analogs, hyperk"ahler manifolds. These manifolds are interesting from several points of view: dynamical (some have interesting automorphism groups), arithmetical (although we will not say anything on this aspect of the theory), and geometric. It is also one of those rare cases where the Torelli theorem allows for a powerful link between the geometry of these manifolds and lattice theory. We do not prove all the results that we state. Our aim is more to provide, for specific families of hyperk"ahler manifolds (which are projective deformations of punctual Hilbert schemes of K3 surfaces), a panorama of results about projective embeddings, automorphisms, moduli spaces, period maps and domains, rather than a complete reference guide. These results are mostly not new, except perhaps those of Appendix B (written with E. Macr`i), where we give an explicit description of the image of the period map for these polarized manifolds.

Review text

This is an introductory survey on hyper-Kähler manifolds, which are higher dimensional generalization of \(K3\) surfaces. Section 1 is an introduction to the survay. Section 2 is devoted to \(K3\) surfaces. This section contains the following results: explicit description of polarized \(K3\) surfaces of low degree, the Torelli theorem of \(K3\) surfaces. The study of \(K3\) surfaces by lattice theory using the Torelli theorem is also presented. Section 3 contains many basic geometric notions of hyper-Kähler manifolds. The irreducibility question of the moduli spaces of polarized hyper-Kähler manifolds of \(K3^{[n]}\)-type is discussed. Some explicit geometric descriptions of hyper-Kähler manifolds of \(K3^{[n]}\)-type are given. The nef cone and the movable cone of hyper-Kähler manifolds are studied. Two versions of the Torelli theorem for polarized hyper-Kähler manifolds of \(K3^{[n]}\) are presented. The image of the period map for the polarized hyper-Kähler fourfolds is explicitly determined. Section 4 describes explicitly the birational and biregular automorphism groups of hyper-Kähler manifolds of Picard number 1 and 2. Section 5 proves that in each moduli space of polarized hyper-Kähler manifolds of type \(K3^{[m]}\), the points corresponding to Hilbert squares of \(K3\) surfaces form a dense subset. Appendix A reviews a few elementary facts about Pell-type equations. Appendix B describes explicitly the image of the period map for polarized hyper-Kähler manifolds of type \(K3^{[n]}\) for all dimensions.

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