Pattern formation and front stability for a moving-boundary model of biological invasion and recession
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Publication:2111736
Abstract: We investigate pattern formation in a two-dimensional (2D) Fisher--Stefan model, which involves solving the Fisher--KPP equation on a compactly-supported region with a moving boundary. By combining the Fisher--KPP and classical Stefan theory, the Fisher--Stefan model alleviates two limitations of the Fisher--KPP equation for biological populations. In this work, we investigate whether the 2D Fisher--Stefan model predicts pattern formation, by analysing the linear stability of planar travelling wave solutions to sinusoidal transverse perturbations. Planar fronts of the Fisher--KPP equation are linearly stable. Similarly, we demonstrate that invading planar fronts () of the Fisher--Stefan model are linearly stable to perturbations of all wave numbers. However, our analysis demonstrates that receding planar fronts () of the Fisher--Stefan model are linearly unstable for all wave numbers. This is analogous to unstable solutions for planar solidification in the classical Stefan problem. Introducing a surface tension regularisation stabilises receding fronts for short-wavelength perturbations, giving rise to a range of unstable modes and a most unstable wave number. We supplement linear stability analysis with level-set numerical solutions that corroborate theoretical results. Overall, front instability in the Fisher--Stefan model suggests a new mechanism for pattern formation in receding biological populations.
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Cited in
(6)- Invading and receding sharp-fronted travelling waves
- The effect of geometry on survival and extinction in a moving-boundary problem motivated by the Fisher-KPP equation
- Patchy, not patchy, or how much patchy? Classification of spatial patterns appearing in a model of biological invasion
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- Survival, extinction, and interface stability in a two-phase moving boundary model of biological invasion
- AGGREGATIVE MOVEMENT AND FRONT PROPAGATION FOR BI-STABLE POPULATION MODELS
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