Invariant integrals on topological groups

DOI10.1016/J.JFA.2022.109444MaRDI QIDQ2118416zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Vasco Schiavo

Publication date 22 March 2022

Published in Journal of Functional Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.03211

zbMATH Keywords

amenability fixed point property for cones invariant operators ordered vector spaces topological groups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Means on groups, semigroups, etc.; amenable groups (43A07) Ordered topological linear spaces, vector lattices (46A40) Ordered normed spaces (46B40) Convex sets and cones of operators (47L07)

Abstract: We generalize the fixed-point property for discrete groups acting on convex cones given by Monod in cite{monod} to topological groups. At first, we focus on describing this fixed-point property from a functional point of view, and then we look at the class of groups that have it. Finally, we go through some applications of this fixed-point property. To accomplish these tasks, we introduce a new class of normed Riesz spaces that depend on group representation.

Review text

The aim of this article is to extend the study of fixed-point property for discrete groups in [\textit{N. Monod}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc., Ser. B 4, 68--93 (2017; Zbl 1494.22003)] to the case of topological groups. More precisely, if \(G\) is a topological group, \(\pi\) is a continuous linear action of \(G\) on a locally convex space \(X\) (on the left) and \(C\subseteq X\) is a non-zero \(\pi\)-invariant weakly complete proper cone, then the restriction of \(\pi\) on \(C\) is called a \emph{representation of \(G\) on \(C\)}. This representation is said to be \emph{locally bounded right uniformly continuous} if there exists \(x_0\in C\setminus \{0\}\) such that \(\pi(G)x_0\) is a bounded subset of \(X\) and that for each neighborhood \(U\subseteq X\) of \(0\), there is a neighborhood \(V\subseteq G\) of the identity satisfying \[\{\pi(t)y - y:y\in \pi(G)x_0\}\subseteq U\qquad (t\in V).\] On the other hand, such a representation is said to be of \emph{cobounded type} if there exists \(f\) in the dual space \(X'\) of \(X\) such that for every \(g\in X'\), there are \(s_1,\dots ,s_n\in G\) with \[\pm g(c) \leq \sum_{j=1}^n f\big(\pi(s_j)(c)\big) \qquad (c\in C).\] A topological group \(G\) is said to have the \emph{fixed-point property for cones} if every locally bounded right uniformly continuous representation of \(G\) on a non-zero weakly complete proper cone of cobounded type admits a non-zero fixed point. Let \(E\) be a normed Riesz space. Suppose that \(G\) acts (on the left) on \(E\) by positive linear isometries. Then \(G\) is said to have the \emph{translation property for \(E\)} if for every \(u\in E_+\setminus \{0\}\) and \(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_n\in \mathbb{R}\), the condition \(\sum_{j=1}^n \lambda_j s_j \cdot u \geq 0\) for some \(s_1,\dots,s_n\in G\) will imply that \({\sum}_{j=1}^n \lambda_j\geq 0\). On the other hand, let us denote \[(E,u):= \left\{v\in E: |v| \leq \lambda\sum_{j=1}^n s_j\cdot u, \text{ for some }s_1,\dots ,s_n\in G \text{ and }\lambda \in \mathbb{R}^+\right\} \qquad (u\in E_+).\] Then \(G\) is said to have the \emph{invariant normalized integral property for \(E\)} if for every \(u\in E_+\setminus \{0\}\) there exists a \(G\)-invariant positive linear functional \(I\) on \((E,u)\) with \(I(u) = 1\). Let \(C_b(G;\mathbb{R})\) be the space of all bounded continuous real valued functions on \(G\). Let \(RUC(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(LUC(G;\mathbb{R})\) and \(UC(G;\mathbb{R})\) be the subspaces of \(C_b(G;\mathbb{R})\) consisting of right uniformly continuous functions, left uniformly continuous functions and uniformly continuous functions, respectively. Then \(G\) acts on \(C_b(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(RUC(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(LUC(G;\mathbb{R})\) and \(UC(G;\mathbb{R})\) in canonical ways. When \(G\) is a locally compact group, we denote by \(L^\infty(G;\mathbb{R})\) the space of all real valued \(L^\infty\)-functions with respect to the Haar measure. In this case, \(G\) acts on \(L^\infty(G;\mathbb{R})\) in the canonical way. The main result of this paper is the following: \begin{itemize} \item A topological group \(G\) has the fixed-point property for cones if and only if \(G\) has the invariant normalized integral property for \(RUC(G;\mathbb{R})\). \item For a locally compact group \(G\), the following statements are equivalent: (1) \(G\) has the fixed-point property for cones; (2) \(G\) has the invariant normalized integral property for some (and equivalently, for all) of the spaces: \(RUC(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(LUC(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(UC(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(C_b(G;\mathbb{R})\) and \(L^\infty(G;\mathbb{R})\); (3) \(G\) has the translation property for some (and equivalently, for all) of the spaces: \(RUC(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(LUC(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(UC(G;\mathbb{R})\), \(C_b(G;\mathbb{R})\) and \(L^\infty(G;\mathbb{R})\). \end{itemize} Using the above, the author gives the following positive answer to a question of [\textit{F.~P. Greenleaf}, Invariant means on topological groups and their applications. (Van Nostrand Mathematical Studies. No.~16.) London: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. (1969; Zbl 0174.19001)], in the case of locally compact groups: ``Let \(G\) be a locally compact group and \(E=RUC(G;\mathbb{R})\). If \(u\in E_+\setminus \{0\}\) such that there is a non-zero \(G\)-invariant positive functional on the real subspace generated by \(G\cdot u\), then there exists a \(G\)-invariant positive functional \(I\) on \((E, u)\) with \(I(u) = 1\). Furthermore, some hereditary statements for groups having the fixed-point property for cones are also given. For examples, if a topological group has the fixed-point property for cones, then open subgroups of this group, images of continuous homomorphisms from this group, and extensions of this group by finite groups have the fixed-point property for cones. In the case of a locally compact group \(G\), if \(G\) has the fixed-point property for cones, then closed subgroups of \(G\), products of \(G\) with subexponential growth groups and extensions of compact groups by \(G\) also have the fixed-point property for cones. Moreover, if a locally compact group \(G\) contains a dense subgroup with the fixed-point property for cones, then \(G\) has the fixed-point property for cones.

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