Positive solutions of Neumann boundary value problems and applications to logistic type population models
\(r\)-nowhere normal-outward mapNeumann boundary value problemone dimensional population modelstrictly positive solution
Positive solutions to nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B18) Green's functions for ordinary differential equations (34B27) Fixed-point theorems (47H10) Particular nonlinear operators (superposition, Hammerstein, Nemytski?, Uryson, etc.) (47H30) Population dynamics (general) (92D25)
The paper is concerned with a Neumann problem of type \[ -u+du=f(x,u) \mbox{ in }[0,T], \quad u'(0)=0=u'(T), \] where \(d>0\) is a constant and \(f:[0,T] \times \mathbb{R}_+ \to \mathbb{R}\) is a \(L^1\)-Carathéodory mapping which is allowed to take negative values. Under some additional suitable assumptions on \(f\), the authors obtain the existence of nonzero nonnegative or strictly positive solutions. By means of the Green's function, the problem is transformed into a Hammerstein integral equation and then the approach relies on a fixed point theorem for \(r\)-nowhere normal-outward maps. The applications focus on the solutions of some models of populations inhabiting in heterogeneous environment with perfect barriers, including as particular cases logistic type models.
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