The N-clock model: variational analysis for fast and slow divergence rates of N

DOI10.1007/S00205-022-01799-9zbMATH Open1500.82004arXiv2012.09548OpenAlexW3111469118MaRDI QIDQ2154996FDOQ2154996

Authors: Marco Cicalese, Gianluca Orlando, Matthias Ruf 

Publication date: 15 July 2022

Published in: Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study a nearest neighbors ferromagnetic spin system on the square lattice in which the spin field is constrained to take values in a discretization of the unit circle consisting of $N$ equi-spaced vectors, also known as $N$-clock model. We find a fast rate of divergence of $N$ with respect to the lattice spacing for which the $N$-clock model has the same discrete-to-continuum variational limit of the $XY$ model, in particular concentrating energy on topological defects of dimension 0. We prove the existence of a slow rate of divergence of $N$ at which the coarse-grain limit does not detect topological defects, but it is instead a $BV$-total variation. Finally, the two different types of limit behaviors are coupled in a critical regime for $N$, whose analysis requires the aid of Cartesian currents.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.09548

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zbMATH Keywords

ferromagnetic classical spin system

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Variational problems in a geometric measure-theoretic setting (49Q20) Methods involving semicontinuity and convergence; relaxation (49J45) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Statistical mechanics of magnetic materials (82D40) PDE constrained optimization (numerical aspects) (49M41)

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Cited In (4)

• Variational analysis of the asymptotics of the \(XY\) model
• The antiferromagnetic xy model on the triangular lattice: topological singularities
• A compactness theorem for functions on Poisson point clouds
• Coarse graining and large-\(N\) behavior of the \(d\)-dimensional \(N\)-clock model

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