Onset of thermosolutal convection in rotating horizontal nanofluid layers
linear stabilityorder-1 Galerkin weighted residuals methodRayleigh numberrotating nanofluid layerthermosolutal convection
Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Convection in hydrodynamic stability (76E06) Finite element methods applied to problems in fluid mechanics (76M10) Free convection (76R10) Diffusion (76R50) General theory of rotating fluids (76U05) Diffusive and convective heat and mass transfer, heat flow (80A19) Finite element, Galerkin and related methods applied to problems in thermodynamics and heat transfer (80M10)
The authors consider the fluid motion in a horizontal layer \(L\) of depth \(d\), uniformly heated from below, uniformly rotating about a vertical axis with constant angular velocity \(\Omega ^{\ast }\), and filled by a nanofluid salted from below by one chemical.\ Introducing non-dimensional variables and perturbation fields, they end with the coupled problem \(\nabla \cdot u=0\) , \(\frac{1}{Pr}(\frac{\partial \mathbf{u}}{\partial t}+\mathbf{u}\cdot \nabla \mathbf{u})=-\nabla \pi +\Delta \mathbf{u}+Tau\times \mathbf{k}-Rn\xi \mathbf{k}+Ra\theta \mathbf{k}+\frac{R_{S}}{Le}\gamma \mathbf{k}\), \(\frac{ \partial \theta }{\partial t}+\mathbf{u}\cdot \nabla \theta -w=\Delta \theta +\frac{N_{B}}{Ln}\nabla \xi \cdot \nabla \theta +\frac{N_{B}}{Ln}(N_{A}\frac{ \partial \theta }{\partial z}-\frac{\partial \xi }{\partial z})+\frac{ N_{A}N_{B}}{Ln}\nabla \theta \cdot \nabla \theta -2\frac{N_{A}N_{B}}{Ln} \frac{\partial \theta }{\partial z}\), \(\frac{\partial \gamma }{\partial t}+ \mathbf{u}\cdot \nabla \gamma -w=\frac{\Delta \gamma }{Le}+Sr\Delta \theta \) , \(\frac{\partial \xi }{\partial t}+\mathbf{u}\cdot \nabla \xi +N_{A}w=\frac{ \Delta \xi }{Ln}+\frac{N_{A}}{Ln}\Delta \theta \), where \(\mathbf{u}=(u,v,w)\) represents the nanofluid velocity, \(\pi \) its pressure, \(\xi \) its volume fraction, \(\theta \) its temperature, \(\gamma \) the solute concentration, and the other terms being constants. The boundary conditions \(\frac{\partial u}{ \partial z}=w=\theta =\gamma =\frac{\partial \xi }{\partial z}+N_{A}\frac{ \partial \theta }{\partial z}=0\), are imposed on \(z=0,1\). The authors analyze the linear stability of the null solution to this problem assuming that the perturbation fields \((u,v,w,\theta ,\gamma ,\xi )\) are periodic in the \(x\) and \(y\) directions of periods \(2\pi /a_{x}\) and \(2\pi /a_{y}\), respectively.\ Using an order-1 Galerkin weighted residuals method and computing the Rayleigh number, they find conditions on Prandtl, Lewis and Soret numbers under which the uniform rotation has a stabilizing effect. They finally present numerical results concerning the Rayleigh number.
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