Homological connectivity in random Čech complexes
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Publication:2159251
Abstract: We study the homology of random v{C}ech complexes generated by a homogeneous Poisson process. We focus on 'homological connectivity' - the stage where the random complex is dense enough, so that its homology "stabilizes" and becomes isomorphic to that of the underlying topological space. Our results form a comprehensive high-dimensional analogue of well-known phenomena related to connectivity in the ErdH{o}s-R'enyi graph and random geometric graphs. We first prove that there is a sharp phase transition describing homological connectivity. Next, we analyze the behavior of the complex in the critical window. We show that the cycles obstructing homological connectivity have a very unique and simple shape. In addition, we prove that the process counting the last obstructions converges to a Poisson process. We make a heavy use of Morse theory, and its adaptation to distance functions. In particular, our results classify the critical points of random distance functions according to their exact effect on homology.
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