Regularity and inverse theorems for uniformity norms on compact abelian groups and nilmanifolds

DOI10.1515/CRELLE-2022-0016zbMATH Open1503.37012arXiv1902.01098OpenAlexW4288601879WikidataQ113741146 ScholiaQ113741146MaRDI QIDQ2164375FDOQ2164375

Authors: Pablo Candela, Balázs Szegedy 

Publication date: 15 August 2022

Published in: Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We prove a general form of the regularity theorem for uniformity norms, and deduce an inverse theorem for these norms which holds for a class of compact nilspaces including all compact abelian groups, and also nilmanifolds; in particular we thus obtain the first non-abelian versions of such theorems. We derive these results from a general structure theorem for cubic couplings, thereby unifying these results with the Host-Kra Ergodic Structure Theorem. A unification of this kind had been propounded as a conceptual prospect by Host and Kra. Our work also provides new results on nilspaces. In particular, we obtain a new stability result for nilspace morphisms. We also strengthen a result of Gutman, Manners and Varj'u, by proving that a $k$-step compact nilspace of finite rank is a toral nilspace (in particular, a connected nilmanifold) if and only if its $k$-dimensional cube set is connected. We also prove that if a morphism from a cyclic group of prime order into a compact finite-rank nilspace is sufficiently balanced (i.e. equidistributed in a certain quantitative and multidimensional sense), then the nilspace is toral. As an application of this, we obtain a new proof of a refinement of the Green-Tao-Ziegler inverse theorem.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.01098

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zbMATH Keywords

nilmanifoldscompact nilspacesGreen-Tao-Ziegler inverse theoremHost-Kra ergodic structure theorem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General groups of measure-preserving transformations and dynamical systems (37A15) Algebraic ergodic theory, cocycles, orbit equivalence, ergodic equivalence relations (37A20) Ergodic theorems, spectral theory, Markov operators (37A30) Noncompact Lie groups of transformations (57S20) General properties and structure of real Lie groups (22E15) Ergodic theory on groups (22D40) General properties and structure of LCA groups (22B05)

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Cited In (9)

• Model selection tests for nonlinear dynamic models
• The structure theory of nilspaces. I
• The structure theory of nilspaces. III: Inverse limit representations and topological dynamics
• On higher-order Fourier analysis in characteristic p
• Host–Kra theory for -systems and multiple recurrence
• On the maximal spectral type of nilsystems
• Quantitative inverse theorem for Gowers uniformity norms \(\mathsf{U}^5\) and \(\mathsf{U}^6\) in \(\mathbb{F}_2^n\)
• The structure theory of nilspaces. II: Representation as nilmanifolds
• Nilspace Factors for General Uniformity Seminorms, Cubic Exchangeability and Limits

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