Quantitative arithmetic of diagonal degree 2 K3 surfaces
A project variety \(X\) over \(\mathbb{Q}\) is said to be a counter-example of the Hasse principle if \(X(\mathbf{A})_{\mathbb{Q}}\not=\emptyset\) but \(X(\mathbb{Q})=\emptyset\), where \(\mathbf{A}_{\mathbb{Q}}\) is the adeles of \(\mathbb{Q}\). Manin constructed an intermediate obstruction set \(X(\mathbb{Q})\subset X(\mathbf{A})_{\mathbb{Q}}^{\operatorname{Br}}\subset X(\mathbf{A})_{\mathbb{Q}}\), and we say that a counter-example is explained by the Brauer-Manin obstruction if \(X(\mathbf{A})_{\mathbb{Q}}\not=\emptyset\) but \(X(\mathbf{A})_{\mathbb{Q}}^{\operatorname{Br}}=\emptyset\). In the paper under review, the authors study the Brauer-Manin obstruction on a family of \(K3\) surfaces \(X\) define over \(\mathbb{Q}\) by \(w^{2}=A_{1}x_{1}^{6}+A_{2}x_{2}^{6}+A_{3}x_{3}^{6}\), where \((A_{1},A_{2},A_{3})\in \mathbb{Z}^{3}\). It is known that the Picard number of \(X\) equals \(20\). The authors extend the results of [\textit{P. Corn} and \textit{M. Nakahara}, Res. Number Theory 4, No. 3, Paper No. 33, 16 p. (2018; Zbl 1492.14037)] to calculate the complete Brauer group of \(X\) including the transcendental part, by adapting the methods used in [\textit{D. Gvirtz} and \textit{A. N. Skorobogatov}, Duke Math. J. 171, No. 6, 1299--1347 (2022; Zbl 1503.14022)]. They then study the number of such surfaces for which there is a Brauer-Manin obstruction to the Hasse principle, as the coefficients lie in a box \(|A_{i}| \leq T\) with \(T \to \infty\). It turns out that the Brauer group is almost always constant, and within the surfaces with non-constant Brauer group, as obstruction occurs quite rarely. They also show that \(K3\) surfaces can have a Brauer-Manin obstruction to the Hasse principle that is only explained by odd order torsion.
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- Failure of the Hasse principle on general K3 surfaces
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