Some exact solutions of the Volterra lattice

DOI10.1134/S0040577919100039MaRDI QIDQ2174677zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors V. E. Adler, A. B. Shabat

Publication date 21 April 2020

Published in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.11901

zbMATH Keywords

Catalan numberconfluent hypergeometric functionHankel transformationPainlevé equationsymmetryVolterra lattice

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Confluent hypergeometric functions, Whittaker functions, ({}_1F_1) (33C15) Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Lattice dynamics; integrable lattice equations (37K60) Integrable difference and lattice equations; integrability tests (39A36)

Abstract: We study solutions of the Volterra lattice satisfying the stationary equation for its non-autonomous symmetry. It is shown that the dynamics in $t$ and $n$ are governed by the continuous and discrete Painlev'e equations, respectively. The class of initial data leading to regular solutions is described. For the lattice on the half-line, these solutions are expressed in terms of the confluent hypergeometric function. The Hankel transform of the coefficients of the corresponding Taylor series is computed on the basis of the Wronskian representation of the solution.

Review text

The aim of this paper is to study solutions of the Volterra lattice satisfying the stationary equation for its nonautonomous symmetry. The authors show that the dynamics in \(t\) and \(n\) are governed by the corresponding continuous and discrete Painlevé equations and describe the class of initial data leading to regular solutions. For the lattice on the half-axis, they express these solutions in terms of the confluent hypergeometric function. Furthermore, the Hankel transform of the coefficients of the corresponding Taylor series based on the Wronskian representation of the solution is also computed. More precisely, the authors study the solutions of the Volterra lattice \(u_{n,t} = u_{n} (u_{n+1}-u_{n-1})\) satisfying the stationary equation for the master symmetry (plus lower-order terms). A similar but simpler constraint was studied in [\textit{A. R. Its} et al., Russ. Math. Surv. 45, No. 6, 155--157 (1990; Zbl 0743.35055); translation from Usp. Mat. Nauk 45, No. 6(276), 135--136 (1990); \textit{A. S. Fokas} et al., Commun. Math. Phys. 142, No. 2, 313--344 (1991; Zbl 0742.35047)], for an evolution in \(n\) governed by the discrete Painlevé equation \(\mathrm{dP}_{1}\) and an evolution in \(t\) governed by the Painlevé equation \(\mathrm{P}_{4}\). In the present case, the respective equations are \(\mathrm{dP}_{34}\) and \(\mathrm{P}_{5}\) (or \(\mathrm{P}_{3}\) for degenerate parameters). The corresponding set of solutions contains a family of solutions depending on three essential parameters, which are regular for all \(n\) and \(t\).

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Cites work

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Cited in

(11)

• A note on the averaging for single-phase elliptic solutions of the Toda and the Volterra lattices
• Behaviour of the extended Volterra lattice
• Non-isospectral extension of the Volterra lattice hierarchy, and Hankel determinants
• Characterizations of \(\Delta\)-Volterra lattice: a symmetric orthogonal polynomials interpretation
• Invariant manifolds and separation of the variables for integrable chains
• Painlevé type reductions for the non-Abelian Volterra lattices ^*
• On the problem of classifying integrable chains with three independent variables
• Bogoyavlensky lattices and generalized Catalan numbers
• Negative flows and non-autonomous reductions of the Volterra lattice
• Special solutions of a discrete Painlevé equation for quantum minimal surfaces
• Darboux transformations and related non-abelian integrable differential-difference systems of the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger type

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