Equidistribution of expanding translates of curves and Diophantine approximation on matrices

DOI10.1007/S00222-019-00945-7MaRDI QIDQ2187250zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Pengyu Yang

Publication date 2 June 2020

Published in Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.08515

zbMATH Keywords

Diophantine approximationDirichlet's theoremequidistributiongeometric invariant theoryhomogeneous spacesRatner's theorem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Metric theory (11J83) Geometric invariant theory (14L24) Discrete subgroups of Lie groups (22E40)

Abstract: We study the general problem of equidistribution of expanding translates of an analytic curve by an algebraic diagonal flow on the homogeneous space $G/Gamma$ of a semisimple algebraic group $G$. We define two families of algebraic subvarieties of the associated partial flag variety $G/P$, which give the obstructions to non-divergence and equidistribution. We apply this to prove that for Lebesgue almost every point on an analytic curve in the space of $mimesn$ real matrices whose image is not contained in any subvariety coming from these two families, the Dirichlet's theorem on simultaneous Diophantine approximation cannot be improved. The proof combines geometric invariant theory, Ratner's theorem on measure rigidity for unipotent flows, and linearization technique.

Review text

One can begin with author's abstract: ``We study the general problem of equidistribution of expanding translates of an analytic curve by an algebraic diagonal flow on the homogeneous space \(G/\Gamma\) of a semisimple algebraic group \(G\). We define two families of algebraic subvarieties of the associated partial flag variety \(G/\Gamma\), which give the obstructions to non-divergence and equidistribution. We apply this to prove that for Lebesgue almost every point on an analytic curve in the space of \(m\times n\) real matrices whose image is not contained in any subvariety coming from these two families, Dirichlet's theorem on simultaneous Diophantine approximation cannot be improved. The proof combines geometric invariant theory, Ratner's theorem on measure rigidity for unipotent flows, and linearization technique. It is noted that many problems in number theory can be recast in the language of homogeneous dynamics. A survey is devoted to this fact, to the main problems of this research, and to the motivation of the present investigations. Notions that are useful for proving the main statements are recalled and explained. The main results and several auxiliary statements are proven with explanations. Applications of the main results and also connections between these results and known researches are noted.

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Cited in

(16)

• On the rate of equidistribution of expanding translates of horospheres in \(\Gamma\backslash G\)
• Equidistribution of curves in homogeneous spaces and Dirichlet's approximation theorem for matrices
• On metric Diophantine approximation in matrices and Lie groups
• Equidistribution of expanding curves in homogeneous spaces and Diophantine approximation on square matrices
• Equidistribution of translates of curves on homogeneous spaces and Dirichlet's approximation
• Locally unipotent invariant measures and limit distribution of a sequence of polynomial trajectories on homogeneous spaces
• Non-divergence in the space of lattices
• Limit distributions of expanding translates of shrinking submanifolds and non-improvability of Dirichlet's approximation theorem
• A measure estimate in geometry of numbers and improvements to Dirichlet's theorem
• On the image in the torus of sparse points on dilating analytic curves
• Equidistribution of non-uniformly stretching translates of shrinking smooth curves and weighted Dirichlet approximation
• Equidistribution of expanding degenerate manifolds in the space of lattices
• Birkhoff generic points on curves in horospheres
• Geometric interpretation of quantitative instability
• Large hyperbolic circles
• Equidistribution of expanding measures with local maximal dimension and Diophantine approximation

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