Characterization of Sobolev spaces on the sphere

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2020.124240MaRDI QIDQ2195161zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Salvador Pérez-Esteva, Juan Antonio Barceló, Teresa Luque

Publication date 8 September 2020

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.01571

zbMATH Keywords

Fourier multipliersSobolev spacessquare function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Multipliers for harmonic analysis in several variables (42B15) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35)

Abstract: We prove a characterization of the Sobolev spaces $H^{a}lpha$ on the unit sphere $mathbb{S}^{d-1}$, where the smoothness index $alpha$ is any positive real number and $dgeq2$. This characterization does not use differentiation and it is given in terms of $([alpha/2]+1)$-multidimensional square functions $S_{a}lpha$. For $[alpha/2]=0,$ a function $fin{L}^2(mathbb{S}^{d-1})$ belongs to $H^{a}lpha(mathbb{S}^{d-1})$ if and only if $S_{a}lpha(f)in{L}^2(mathbb{S}^{d-1})$. If $n=[alpha/2]>0$, the membership of $f$ is equivalent to the existence of $g_1,cdots,g_n$ in $L^2(mathbb{S}^{d-1})$ such that $S_{a}lpha(f,g_1,ldots,g_n)in{L}^2(mathbb{S}^{d-1})$ and in this case, $g_j=T_j((-Delt{a}_S{)}^{j}f)$, where $T_j$ is a zonal Fourier multiplier in the sphere and $Delt{a}_S$ is the Laplace-Beltrami operator. The square functions $S_{a}lpha$ are based on averaging operators over euclidean balls (caps) in the sphere that may be viewed as zonal multipliers. The results in the paper are in the spirit of the characterization of fractional Sobolev spaces given in $mathbb{R}^d$ proved in cite{AMV}. The development of the theory is fully based on zonal Fourier multipliers and special functions.

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Cited in

(13)

• Explicit minimisers for anisotropic Coulomb energies in 3D
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• Explicit Families of Functions on the Sphere with Exactly Known Sobolev Space Smoothness
• Characterizing spheres by functional relations on solutions of elliptic and parabolic equations
• Moduli of smoothness, \(K\)-functionals and Jackson-type inequalities associated with Kernel function approximation in learning theory
• Characterization of Sobolev spaces by their Fourier coefficients in axisymmetric domains
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• Infinite-dimensional inverse problems with finite measurements
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• A new characterization of the Sobolev space
• On critical dipoles in dimensions \(n \geq 3\)

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