A perturbation theorem for abstract linear non-autonomous systems with an application to a mixed hyperbolic problem
Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be Banach spaces with continuous dense embedding \(Y\hookrightarrow X\). For positive \(T\) consider an operator function \(A\in W^{2,1}([0,T];\mathcal{L}(Y,X))\) such that \(A(s)\) is a generator of a \(C_0\)-semigroup on \(X\) for each \(s\in[0,T]\). Assume also that \((A(t))_{t\in[0,T]}\) is stable in the sense of Kato. Then \((A(t))_{t\in[0,T]}\) generates a unique strongly continuous evolution family \((U(t,s))_{0\leq s\leq t\leq T}\subseteq \mathcal{L}(X)\). Let \(B\in C^1([0,T];\mathcal{L}(Y,X))\). Suppose that there exist \(\delta_0>0\) and \(\omega_0\in[0,1)\) such that \[ \int_s^{(s+\delta_0)\wedge T}\|B(t)U(t,s)y\|dt\leq \omega_0\|y\|\quad \forall y\in Y,\forall s\in[0,T]. \] Assume that \(\int_s^T\|B'(t)U(t,s)y\|dt\leq \mathrm{const}\|y\|\) for all \(y\in Y\) and \(s\in[0,T)\). Then there exists a unique strongly continuous evolution family \((V(t,s))_{0\leq s\leq t\leq T}\subseteq \mathcal{L}(X)\) for the equation \[ u'(t)=(A(t)+B(t))u(t). \] If \(f\in W^{1,1}(s,\tau;X)\) and \(x_0\in Y\) then the non-homogeneous equation \[ u'(t)=(A(t)+B(t))u(t)+f(t)\quad u(s)=x_0\quad s\leq t\leq\tau \] admits a unique solution in the form \(u(t)=V(t,s)x_0+\int_s^tV(t,r)f(r)dr\) and \[ \|u\|_{C^1(s,\tau;X)}+\|u\|_{C(s,\tau;Y)}\leq\mathrm{const} (\|x_0\|_Y+\|f\|_{C(s,\tau;X)}+\|f'\|_{L^1(s,\tau;X)}) \] Application to a mixed hyperbolic problem is given.
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