On the flat cohomology of binary norm forms

Abstract: Let

m a t h c a l O

be an order of index

m

in the maximal order of a quadratic number field

k = m a t h b b Q (s q r t d)

. Let

u n d e r l i n e {m a t h b f O}_{d, m}

be the orthogonal

m a t h b b Z

-group of the associated norm form

q_{d, m}

. We describe the structure of the pointed set

H_{m a t h r m f l}^{1} (m a t h b b Z, u n d e r l i n e {m a t h b f O}_{d, m})

, which classifies quadratic forms isomorphic (properly or improperly) to

q_{d, m}

in the flat topology. Gauss classified quadratic forms of fundamental discriminant and showed that the composition of any binary

m a t h b b Z

-form of discriminant

D e l t a_{k}

with itself belongs to the principal genus. Using cohomological language, we extend these results to forms of certain non-fundamental discriminants.

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