Multiple solutions of Kazdan-Warner equation on graphs in the negative case

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Publication:2204083



Abstract: Let G=(V,E) be a finite connected graph, and let kappa:VightarrowmathbbR be a function such that intVkappadmu<0. We consider the following Kazdan-Warner equation on G:[Delta u+kappa-K_lambda e^{2u}=0,] where Klambda=K+lambda and K:VightarrowmathbbR is a non-constant function satisfying maxxinVK(x)=0 and lambdainmathbbR. By a variational method, we prove that there exists a lambda∗>0 such that when lambdain(−infty,lambda∗] the above equation has solutions, and has no solution when lambdageqlambdaast. In particular, it has only one solution if lambdaleq0; at least two distinct solutions if 0<lambda<lambda∗; at least one solution if lambda=lambdaast. This result complements earlier work of Grigor'yan-Lin-Yang cite{GLY16}, and is viewed as a discrete analog of that of Ding-Liu cite{DL95} and Yang-Zhu cite{YZ19} on manifolds.


On a finite connecte graph \(G=(E,V)\), the authors consider the equation \(\Delta u+\kappa-K_\lambda e^{2u}=0\) where \(\kappa:V\to {\mathbb R}\) satisfies \(\int_V \kappa d\mu<\infty\), \(K_\lambda=K+\lambda\) and \(\lambda\in {\mathbb R}\), \(K:V\to {\mathbb R}\), \(\max_V K=0\). Using a variational approach, the authors obtain the existence of \(\lambda^*>0\) such that the above equation admits: (i) no solutions if \(\lambda>\lambda^*\); (ii) at least one solution if \(\lambda=\lambda^*\); (iii) at least two solutions for \(0<\lambda>\lambda^*\); (iv) a unique solution for \(\lambda\leq 0\).




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