Distribution of the random walk conditioned on survival among quenched Bernoulli obstacles

DOI10.1214/20-AOP1450MaRDI QIDQ2227714zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Jian Ding, Ryoki Fukushima, Rongfeng Sun, C. J. Xu

Publication date 15 February 2021

Published in The Annals of Probability (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.04449, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aop/1611306379

zbMATH Keywords

Bernoulli obstaclesquenched lawrandom walk range

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Processes in random environments (60K37)

Abstract: Place an obstacle with probability $1-p$ independently at each vertex of $mathbb{Z}^d$ and consider a simple symmetric random walk that is killed upon hitting one of the obstacles. For $dgeq2$ and $p$ strictly above the critical threshold for site percolation, we condition on the environment such that the origin is contained in an infinite connected component free of obstacles. It has previously been shown that with high probability, the random walk conditioned on survival up to time $n$ will be localized in a ball of volume asymptotically $dlo{g}_{1/p}n$. In this work, we prove that this ball is free of obstacles, and we derive the limiting one-time distributions of the random walk conditioned on survival. Our proof is based on obstacle modifications and estimates on how such modifications affect the probability of the obstacle configurations as well as their associated Dirichlet eigenvalues, which is of independent interest.

Review text

The paper under review deals with the localization properties of a simple random walk on \(\mathbb{Z}^d\) (\(d\geq 2\)) in the presence of independent Bernoulli obstacles. These obstacles are (i) hard, in the sense that the walk is killed upon visiting any of the obstacle, and (ii) quenched, with respect to the probability measure that is conditioned on the origin being in an infinite open cluster. It was previously established by two of the authors [\textit{J. Ding} and \textit{C. Xu}, Commun. Math. Phys. 375, No. 2, 949--1001 (2020; Zbl 1440.60083)] that the walk conditioned to survive for a large time \(n\) gets eventually localized in a ball whose radius is deterministic, explicit and of logarithmic order in \(n\), and whose center is random and dependent on the obstacle set. The present paper contains two remarkably sharp results. First, the authors prove that with probability converging to one, as \(n\) goes to infinity, the localization ball is (almost) free from obstacles. Then, they provide a local limit theorem for the position of the random walk conditioned to survive, both at the endpoint of the trajectory and inside the bulk. The corresponding limiting laws are the \(\ell^1\) and \(\ell^2\)-normalized eigenfunctions associated to the principal Dirichlet eigenvalue inside the localization ball. The proof builds upon previously established lemmas (such as the existence of a localization pocket with large eigenvalue inside which a low obstacle density region looks almost like a ball) and new intermediate results, including a ball-clearing lemma. The latter is obtained by estimating the impact of removing obstacles on the principal eigenvalue of the killed random walk inside a ball.

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Cited in

(13)

• Survival time of random walk in random environment among soft obstacles
• Statistics of persistent events in the binomial random walk: Will the drunken sailor hit the sober man?
• Localization for random walks among random obstacles in a single Euclidean ball
• Geometry of the random walk range conditioned on survival among Bernoulli obstacles
• Biased random walk conditioned on survival among Bernoulli obstacles: subcritical phase
• Poly-logarithmic localization for random walks among random obstacles
• A limit theorem for the survival probability of a simple random walk among power-law renewal obstacles
• On the spectral gap in the Kac-Luttinger model and Bose-Einstein condensation
• Localization of a one-dimensional simple random walk among power-law renewal obstacles
• An invariance principle for a random walk among moving traps via thermodynamic formalism
• Weakly self-avoiding walk in a Pareto-distributed random potential
• Some properties of the principal Dirichlet eigenfunction in Lipschitz domains, via probabilistic couplings
• Non-directed polymers in random environments with range penalties: the high-dimensional case

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