Refined SU(3) Vafa-Witten invariants and modularity

DOI10.4310/PAMQ.2018.V14.N3.A3MaRDI QIDQ2228472zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Martijn Kool, Lothar Göttsche

Publication date 17 February 2021

Published in Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.03245

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Parametrization (Chow and Hilbert schemes) (14C05) Gromov-Witten invariants, quantum cohomology, Gopakumar-Vafa invariants, Donaldson-Thomas invariants (algebro-geometric aspects) (14N35)

Abstract: We conjecture a formula for the refined $mathrmSU(3)$ Vafa-Witten invariants of any smooth surface $S$ satisfying $H_1(S,mathbbZ)=0$ and $p_g(S)>0$. The unrefined formula corrects a proposal by Labastida-Lozano and involves unexpected algebraic expressions in modular functions. We prove that our formula satisfies a refined $S$-duality modularity transformation. We provide evidence for our formula by calculating virtual $ch{i}_y$-genera of moduli spaces of rank 3 stable sheaves on $S$ in examples using Mochizuki's formula. Further evidence is based on the recent definition of refined $mathrmSU(r)$ Vafa-Witten invariants by Maulik-Thomas and subsequent calculations on nested Hilbert schemes by Thomas (rank 2) and Laarakker (rank 3).

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Cited in

(24)

• The Tanaka-Thomas's Vafa-Witten invariants via surface Deligne-Mumford stacks
• Vafa-Witten invariants from exceptional collections
• Quot schemes of curves and surfaces: virtual classes, integrals, Euler characteristics
• Rank \(N\) Vafa-Witten invariants, modularity and blow-up
• Twisted sheaves and \(\text{SU}(r) / {\mathbb{Z}}_r\) Vafa-Witten theory
• Virtual refinements of the Vafa-Witten formula
• Equivariant \(K\)-theory and refined Vafa-Witten invariants
• S-duality and refined BPS indices
• Monopole contributions to refined Vafa-Witten invariants
• Vafa-Witten invariants from modular anomaly
• Vafa-Witten theory and iterated integrals of modular forms
• On blowup formulae for the S-duality conjecture of Vafa and Witten. III: Relations with vertex operator algebras
• Verlinde formulae on complex surfaces: \(K\)-theoretic invariants
• An exact formula for \(\mathbf{U}(3)\) Vafa-Witten invariants on \(\mathbb{P}^2\)
• The Vafa-Witten theory for gauge group SU(N)
• Exact formulae and Turán inequalities for Vafa–Witten invariants of surfaces
• Virtual Segre and Verlinde numbers of projective surfaces
• Flags of sheaves, quivers and symmetric polynomials
• A proof of all ranks S-duality conjecture for K3 surfaces
• Exponential BPS graphs and d-brane counting on toric Calabi-Yau threefolds. II
• \(\mathrm{SU}(r)\) Vafa-Witten invariants, Ramanujan's continued fractions, and cosmic strings
• A virtual \(\mathrm{PGL}_r\)-\(\mathrm{SL}_r\) correspondence for projective surfaces
• Black hole quantum mechanics and generalized error functions
• Rationality of descendent series for Hilbert and Quot schemes of surfaces

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