A universality law for sign correlations of eigenfunctions of differential operators

DOI10.4171/JST/351MaRDI QIDQ2247201zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Felipe Gonçalves, Diogo Oliveira e Silva, Stefan Steinerberger

Publication date 17 November 2021

Published in Journal of Spectral Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.06826

zbMATH Keywords

Hermite polynomialsuniversality lawsign correlation limitSchrödinger operator

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eigenvalues, estimation of eigenvalues, upper and lower bounds of ordinary differential operators (34L15) Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.) (34L40)

Abstract: We establish a universality law for sequences of functions ${w_n}_{ninmathbbN}$ satisfying a form of WKB approximation on compact intervals. This includes eigenfunctions of generic Schr"odinger operators, as well as Laguerre and Chebyshev polynomials. Given two distinct points $x,yinmathbbR$, we ask how often do $w_n(x)$ and $w_n(y)$ have the same sign. Asymptotically, one would expect this to be true half the time, but this turns out to not always be the case. Under certain natural assumptions, we prove that, for all $xeqy$, ${\displaystyle }$ frac{1}{3} leq lim_{N o infty} frac{1}{N} # left{0 leq n < N: mathrm{sgn}(w_n(x)) = mathrm{sgn}(w_n(y)) ight} leq frac{2}{3}, ${\displaystyle }$ and that these bounds are optimal, and can be attained. Our methods extend to other questions of similar flavor and we also discuss a number of open problems.

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