Bubbling solutions for an exponential nonlinearity in R^2

Green's functions for elliptic equations (35J08) Variational methods for second-order elliptic equations (35J20) Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Nonlinear elliptic equations (35J60) Quasilinear elliptic equations (35J62) Nonlinear boundary value problems for nonlinear elliptic equations (35J66)

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In the present paper the following boundary value problem \[ \Delta u+\lambda u^{p-1}e^{u^p}=0\text{ in }\Omega,\quad u=0\text{ on }\partial\Omega,\tag{\(*\)} \] where \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^2\) is a bounded domain with a smooth boundary \(\partial\Omega\), \(\lambda>0\) is a small parameter and \(0<p<2\), is considered. The main result states as follows (Theorem 1.1). Let \(k\) be an integer with \(k\geq1\). If \(\Omega\) is not simply connected, then there exists \(\lambda_0>0\) so that for \(0<\lambda<\lambda_0\) the problem (\(*\)) has a solution \(u_\lambda\). Furthermore \(\lim_{\lambda\to0}\varepsilon^{4/p-2}\int_{\Omega}e^{u_\lambda^p}\,dx=8k\pi\), where \(\varepsilon\) depends on \(\lambda\). There exists a \(k\)-tuple \(\xi^\lambda=(\xi_1^\lambda,\dotsc,\xi_k^\lambda)\in\mathcal M\) such that \(\nabla\varphi_k(\xi_1^\lambda,\dotsc,\xi_k^\lambda)\to0\) as \(\lambda\to0\) and \[ u_\lambda(x)=\frac1p\Big(-\frac4p\log\varepsilon\Big)^{1/p-1}\Big(\sum_{j=1}^kG(x,\xi_j^\lambda\Big)+o(1)) \] on each compact subset of \(\Omega\setminus\{\xi_1^\lambda,\dotsc,\xi_k^\lambda\}\), where \(G(x,\xi)\) is the Green's function of some Dirichlet problem. A Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction procedure is used to construct the solution.

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