Rational Cayley inner Herglotz-Agler functions: positive-kernel decompositions and transfer-function realizations

Holomorphic functions of several complex variables (32A10) Operator colligations (= nodes), vessels, linear systems, characteristic functions, realizations, etc. (47A48) Functions whose values are linear operators (operator- and matrix-valued functions, etc., including analytic and meromorphic ones) (47A56)

Abstract: The Bessmertnyu{i} class consists of rational matrix-valued functions of

d

complex variables representable as the Schur complement of a block of a linear pencil

A (z) = z_{1} A_{1} + c d o t s + z_{d} A_{d}

whose coefficients

A_{k}

are positive semidefinite matrices. We show that it coincides with the subclass of rational functions in the Herglotz-Agler class over the right poly-halfplane which are homogeneous of degree one and which are Cayley inner. The latter means that such a function is holomorphic on the right poly-halfplane and takes skew-Hermitian matrix values on

(i m a t h b b R)^{d}

, or equivalently, is the double Cayley transform (over the variables and over the matrix values) of an inner function on the unit polydisk. Using Agler-Knese's characterization of rational inner Schur-Agler functions on the polydisk, extended now to the matrix-valued case, and applying appropriate Cayley transformations, we obtain characterizations of matrix-valued rational Cayley inner Herglotz-Agler functions both in the setting of the polydisk and of the right poly-halfplane, in terms of transfer-function realizations and in terms of positive-kernel decompositions. In particular, we extend Bessmertnyu{i}'s representation to rational Cayley inner Herglotz-Agler functions on the right poly-halfplane, where a linear pencil

A (z)

is now in the form

A (z) = A_{0} + z_{1} A_{1} + c d o t s + z_{d} A_{d}

with

A_{0}

skew-Hermitian and the other coefficients

A_{k}

positive semidefinite matrices.

Review text

The authors consider the Bessmertnyĭ class, which consists of rational matrix-valued functions in several complex variables, say \(d\), which are representable as the Schur complement of a block of a linear pencil \(A(z)=z_1A_1+\cdots+z_dA_d\), whose coefficients \(A_k\) are positive semidefinite matrices. Recalling that a Cayley inner function is a function holomorphic on the right poly-halfplane and takes skew-Hermitian matrix values on \((i\mathbb{R})^d\) (equivalently, it is the double Cayley transform of an inner function on the unit polydisk), the authors show that the Bessmertnyĭ class coincides with the subclass of rational functions in the Herglotz-Agler class over the right poly-halfplane, which are homogeneous of degree one and which are Cayley inner. Using Agler-Knese's characterization of rational inner Schur-Agler functions on the polydisk (extended to the matrix-valued case) and applying appropriate Cayley transformations, the authors obtain characterizations of matrix-valued rational Cayley inner Herglotz-Agler functions, in terms of transfer-function realizations and in terms of positive-kernel decompositions. In particular, they extend Bessmertnyĭ's representation to rational Cayley inner Herglotz-Agler functions on the right poly-halfplane.

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