On the Sidon constant for Dirichlet polynomials
Let \[ f_x(s)= \sum_{n\leq x} \frac{a_n}{n^s} \] be the truncated Dirichlet polynomial associated to a Dirichlet series \(f(s)= \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} (a_n/n^s)\). The Sidon constant \(S(x)\) for \(f_x\) is defined as \[ S(x)=\sup_{f_x \neq 0} \frac{\| \hat{f_x}\|_1}{\| f_x\|_{\infty}}, \] where \(\| \hat{f_x}\|_1 = \sum_{n\leq x} |a_n|\) and \(\| f_x\|_{\infty} = \sup_{t \in \mathbb{R}} |f_x(it)|\). As an application of a hypercontractive Bohnenblust-Hille inequality for homogeneous polynomials, in [\textit{A. Defant} et al., Ann. Math. (2) 174, No. 1, 485--497 (2011; Zbl 1235.32001)] it is obtained that \[ S(x)= \sqrt{x}\exp\left( (-1+o(1)) \sqrt{\frac{\log x \log\log x}{2}} \right), \] as \(x \to \infty\). The main goal of the paper under review is to sharpen the above bound for \(S(x)\) by providing explicit lower and upper bounds for the \(o(1)\)-term. If we denote by \(\delta(x)\) the \(o(1)\)-term, in the paper under review it is proved that \[ -\frac{1}{2}\frac{\log\log\log x}{\log\log x} + O\left( \frac{1}{\log\log x}\right) \leq \delta(x) \leq 3 \frac{\log\log\log x}{\log\log x} + O\left( \frac{1}{\log\log x}\right), \] as \(x \to \infty\). More precisely, the lower bound is implicit in [\textit{R. de la Bretèche}, Acta Arith. 134, No. 2, 141--148 (2008; Zbl 1302.11068)], while the upper bound is improved by a factor of \(\log \log \log x /\sqrt{\log\log x}\) from what is obtained by combining the results of de la Breteche [loc. cit.] and Defant et al. [loc. cit.].
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