Non-ramified Brauer group of homogeneous spaces with finite stabilisers

Let \(k\) be a number field. Let \(G\to \mathrm{SL}_{n,k}\) be a faithful representation of a finite algebraic \(k\)-group \(G\). The paper under review considers the Brauer-Manin obstruction to weak approximation for rational points on the quotient homogeneous space \(X=\mathrm{SL}_{n,k}/G\). Define two subgroups of the unramified Brauer group (the Brauer group of a smooth compactification) of \(X\) as follows. Let \(\text{Br}_{\text{nr}1}(X)\) be the subgroup of elements which vanish passing to the algebraic closure. Let \(\text Б_{\omega}(X)\) be the subgroup of elements which locally for almost all places \(v\) of \(k\) come from the Brauer group of the base field \(k_{v}\). A priori one has \(\text Б_{\omega}(X)\subseteq\text{Br}_{\text{nr}1}(X)\). First of all, the author describes \(\text{Br}_{\text{nr}1}(X)\) in terms of Galois cohomology of \(G\) for even more general homogeneous spaces than those in the setting above, which generalises a theorem of \textit{D. Harari} [Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 135, No. 4, 549--564 (2007; Zbl 1207.11048), Prop. 4]. Assuming that \(G\) is a constant group, the author deduces that the groups \(\text{Br}_{\text{nr}1}(X)\) and \(\text Б_{\omega}(X)\) are both reduced to \(\text{Br}(k)\), when either \(G\) is a \(p\)-group of type ECF or \(\exp(G)\) is coprime to the number of roots of unity contained in \(k\). Then an interesting example for which \(\text{Br}(k)=\text Б_{\omega}(X)\subsetneq\text{Br}_{\text{nr}1}(X)\) is constructed when \(\mathrm{gcd}(\#\mu(k),\exp(G))\neq1\). For such an example, it can be deduced from known results that \(\text{Br}_{\text{nr}1}(X)\) gives the only obstruction to weak approximation, but \(\text Б_{\omega}(X)\) gives no obstruction. Note that when \(G\) is connected or abelian (not necessarily finite), one has always \(\text Б_{\omega}(X)=\text{Br}_{\text{nr}1}(X)\) and it gives the only obstruction to weak approximation [\textit{M. Borovoi}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 473, 181--194 (1996; Zbl 0844.14020)]. Finally, the author describes the assertion that \(\text{Br}_{\text{nr}_{1}}\) gives the only obstruction to weak approximation in terms of a Galois cohomological property on \(G\). Applying this to the case where \(k=\mathbb{Q}\) and \(G=Q_{16}\) the group of order \(16\) of quaternions, weak approximation on \(X\) is verified.

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