Epimorphisms, dominions and permutative semigroups.

dominions epimorphically embedded semigroups epimorphisms permutation identities permutative semigroups saturated semigroups semicommutative semigroups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Free semigroups, generators and relations, word problems (20M05) General structure theory for semigroups (20M10) Mappings of semigroups (20M15)

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Let \(U\) be a subsemigroup of a semigroup \(S\). We say that \(U\) dominates an element \(d\) of \(S\) if for every semigroup \(T\) and all morphisms \(f,g\colon S\to T\), \(uf=ug\) implies that \(df=dg\). The set of all elements dominated by \(U\) in \(S\) is a subsemigroup of \(S\) called the dominion of \(U\) in \(S\), denoted by \(\text{Dom}(U,S)\). We say that a semigroup \(U\) is saturated if \(\text{Dom}(U,S)\) is not equal to \(S\) in every properly containing semigroup \(S\) and we say that \(U\) is supersaturated if all of its homomorphic images are saturated. The paper gives an overall survey of results on saturated semigroups, particularly as they apply to semigroups that satisfy permutation identities. From here a result is proved that in particular shows that any right semicommutative semigroup (one satisfying a permutation identity that moves a terminal symbol) satisfying the minimum condition of principal right ideals is saturated. An additional theorem is proved along these lines that says for a supersaturated semigroup \(S\) containing a subsemigroup \(U\) with a globally idempotent power, the semigroup \(U\) is itself supersaturated.

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