Pseudo-localisation of singular integrals in L^p

DOI10.4171/RMI/646MaRDI QIDQ2275345zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Tuomas Hytönen

Publication date 8 August 2011

Published in Revista Matemática Iberoamericana (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0909.4481, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.rmi/1307713037

zbMATH Keywords

\(T1\) theorem Calderón--Zygmund operator martingale operations on the Haar basis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singular and oscillatory integrals (Calderón-Zygmund, etc.) (42B20) Martingales and classical analysis (60G46)

Abstract: As a step in developing a non-commutative Calderon-Zygmund theory, J. Parcet (J. Funct. Anal., 2009) established a new pseudo-localisation principle for classical singular integrals, showing that Tf has small L^2 norm outside a set which only depends on f in L^2 but not on the arbitrary normalised Calderon-Zygmund operator T. Parcet also asked if a similar result holds true in L^p for 1 < p < infinity. This is answered in the affirmative in the present paper. The proof, which is based on martingale techniques, even somewhat improves on the original L^2 result.

Review text

One of the keywords in this paper is ``localization. An elementary localization result was already implicit in the Calderón-Zygmund decomposition. Let \(b\) denote the bad part of \(f\) associated to a fixed \(\lambda>0\) and let \(\Sigma_{\lambda}\) be the level set where the dyadic Hardy-Littlewood maximal function \(M_d f > \lambda\). Then \[ \int_{{\mathbb R}^n \setminus 2 \Sigma_{\lambda}} | Tb (x) | \,dx \leq C_n \| f \|_{L^1}, \] where \(T\) is a standard Calderón-Zygmund operator. In a study of non-commutative Calderón-Zygmund theory, \textit{J. Parcet} [J. Funct. Anal. 256, No. 2, 509--593 (2009; Zbl 1179.46051)] established a new pseudo-localization principle for classical singular integrals: For any \(\lambda >0\), there exists a set \(\Sigma_{\lambda,f}\) such that \[ \int_{{\mathbb R}^n \setminus \Sigma_{\lambda,f}} | Tf (x) | \,dx \lesssim 2^{-\gamma \lambda} \| f \|_{L^1} \] and \[ \bigg( \int_{{\mathbb R}^n \setminus \Sigma_{\lambda,f}} | Tf (x) |^2 \,dx \bigg)^{1/2} \lesssim (1+\lambda) 2^{-\gamma \lambda/4} \| f \|_{L^2}, \] where \(\gamma \in (0,1]\) is the Hölder exponent from the standard estimates of the kernel of \(T\). Parcet asked whether a pseudo-localization principle might hold in \(L^p (\mathbb{R}^n)\), and also pointed out the difficulty of this problem since no usual form of interpolation is directly applicable. The author proves the following: If \(1<p<\infty\), then \[ \bigg( \int_{{\mathbb R}^n \setminus \Sigma_{\lambda,f}} | Tf (x) |^p\, dx \bigg)^{1/p} \lesssim (1+\lambda) 2^{-\lambda \min ( \gamma, 1/2, 1/p' )} \| f \|_{L^p}. \] The proof deals with the full range of \(p \in (0,\infty)\) at once in a unified manner, without resorting to interpolation or duality arguments. The author uses various martingale techniques, which were originally developed to handle the difficulties arising in harmonic analysis of Banach space valued functions by \textit{T. Figiel} [Geometry of Banach spaces, Proc. Conf., Strobl/Austria 1989, Lond. Math. Soc. Lect. Note Ser. 158, 95--110 (1991; Zbl 0746.47026)], \textit{T. R. McConnell} [Probab. Math. Stat. 10, No.~2, 283--295 (1989; Zbl 0718.60050)] and himself. He says that their successful application also to the problem at hand displays the power of these methods even in the context of classical analysis.

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