Minimal curves in U(n) and Gl(n)^+ with respect to the spectral and the trace norms

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2019.123632MaRDI QIDQ2287229zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Jorge Antezana, Eduardo Ghiglioni, Demetrio Stojanoff

Publication date 20 January 2020

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.03368

zbMATH Keywords

Finsler metricsGrassmann manifoldintermediate pointsminimal curvespositive operatorsunitary operators

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Miscellaneous inequalities involving matrices (15A45) Analysis on real and complex Lie groups (22E30) Differential geometry of homogeneous manifolds (53C30) Global differential geometry of Finsler spaces and generalizations (areal metrics) (53C60)

Abstract: Consider the Lie group of n x n complex unitary matrices U(n) endowed with the bi-invariant Finsler metric given by the spectral norm, ||X||_U = ||U*X||_{sp} = ||X||_{sp} for any X tangent to a unitary operator U. Given two points in U(n), in general there exists infinitely many curves of minimal length. The aim of this paper is to provide a complete description of such curves. As a consequence of this description, we conclude that there is a unique curve of minimal length between U and V if and only if the spectrum of U*V is contained in a set of the form {e^{i heta}, e^{-i heta}} for some heta in [0, infty). Similar studies are done for the Grassmann manifolds. Now consider the cone of n x n positive invertible matrices Gl(n)+ endowed with the bi-invariant Finsler metric given by the trace norm, ||X||_{1, A} = ||A^{-1/2}XA^{-1/2}||_1 for any X tangent to A in Gl(n)+. In this context, given two points A,B in Gl(n)+ there exists infinitely many curves of minimal length. In order to provide a complete description of such curves, we provide a characterization of the minimal curves joining two Hermitian matrices X, Y in H(n). As a consequence of the last description, we provide a way to construct minimal paths in the group of unitary matrices U(n) endowed with the bi-invariant Finsler metric ||X||_{1, U} = ||U*X||_{1} = ||X||_{1} for any X tangent to U in U(n). We also study the set of intermediate points in all the previous contexts. Between two given unitary matrices U and V we prove that this set is geodesically convex provided ||U - V||_{sp} < 1. In Gl(n)+ this set is geodesically convex for every unitarily invariant norm.

Review text

In the present paper authoras are provide a complete description of the curves of minimal length and as a consequence we give an equivalent condition for uniqueness. Futher they provide a complete description of such curves proving first a characterization of the minimal curves joining two Hermitian matrices and also obtaines the set of intermediate points in all the previous contexts.

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Cited in

(9)

• Metric geometry in homogeneous spaces of the unitary group of a \(C^*\)-algebra. I: Minimal curves
• Finsler geometry and actions of the p-Schatten unitary groups
• The rectifiable distance in the unitary Fredholm group
• The left invariant metric in the general linear group
• Convergence theorems for barycentric maps
• Quotient p-Schatten metrics on spheres
• Finsler geometries on strictly accretive matrices
• Hofer's metric in compact Lie groups
• Generalized principal logarithms and Riemannian properties of a class of subgroups of \(\mathbf{U_n}\) endowed with the Frobenius bi-invariant metric

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