Baire category properties of some Baire type function spaces

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2020.107078MaRDI QIDQ2295671zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Taras Banakh, Saak S. Gabriyelyan

Publication date 14 February 2020

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2020.107078

\(\lambda\)-space \(Q\)-space Airy space almost \(K\)-analytic Baire space Choquet space first Baire class scattered Čech-complete

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General theory of locally convex spaces (46A03) Barrelled spaces, bornological spaces (46A08) Function spaces in general topology (54C35) Baire category, Baire spaces (54E52)

Review text

For topological spaces \(X\) and \(Y\), \(C_p(X,Y)\) is the family \(C(X,Y)\) of all continuous functions from \(X\) to \(Y\) endowed with the topology of pointwise convergence. Set \(B_0(X,Y) := C_p(X,Y)\), and for every countable ordinal \(\alpha \geq 1\), let \(B_\alpha(X,Y)\) be the family of all functions \(f : X \to Y\) that are pointwise limits of sequences \(\{f_n\}_{n\in \omega} \subseteq \bigcup_{\beta < \alpha} B_\beta(X,Y)\). All the spaces \(B_\alpha(X,Y)\) are endowed with the topology of pointwise convergence. A sequence \(\{f_n\}_{n\in \omega} \subseteq Y^X\) \textit{stably} converges to a function \(f \in Y^X\) if for every \(x \in X\), the set \(\{n \in \omega : f_n(x) \not= f(x)\}\) is finite. Let \(B_0^{st}(X,Y) = C_p(X,Y)\) and for every nonzero countable ordinal \(\alpha\), let \(B_\alpha^{st}(X,Y)\) be the family of all functions \(f : X \to Y\) which are limits of sequences \(\{f_n\}_{n \in \omega} \subseteq \bigcup_{\beta < \alpha} B_\beta^{st}(X,Y)\) stably converging to \(f\). Also, each space \(B_\alpha^{st}(X,Y)\) is considered as a subspace of the Tychonoff product \(Y^X\). We write \(B_\alpha(X)\) and \(B_\alpha^{st}(X)\) instead of \(B_\alpha(X,\mathbb{R})\) and \(B_\alpha^{st}(X,\mathbb{R})\), respectively. Recall that a space \(X\) is a \textit{\(Q\)-space} (resp. \textit{\(\lambda\)-space}) if every subset (resp., countable subset) of \(X\) is of type \(F_\sigma\) (resp., \(G_\delta\)) in \(X\). A space \(X\) is \textit{airy} if there exists a countable family \(\mathcal{P}\) of infinite subsets of \(X\) such that any two \(G_\delta\)-sets \(G_1\) and \(G_2\) of \(X\) each with the property of having a nonempty intersection with each of the elements in \(\mathcal{P}\), have a nonempty intersection \(G_1 \cap G_2\). The authors study some Baire type properties in spaces \(B_\alpha(X,Y)\) and \(B_\alpha^{st}(X,Y)\) where \(1 \leq \alpha < \omega_1\). In particular, they prove that if \(X\) is a normal space, then \(B_1(X) = \mathbb{R}^X\) iff \(X\) is a \(Q\)-space. If \(X\) is a Tychonoff space of countable pseudocharacter, then: (i) for every \(\alpha \geq 2\), the spaces \(B_\alpha(X)\) and \(B_\alpha^{st}(X)\) are Choquet and hence Baire, and (ii) \(B_1(X)\) is a Choquet space iff \(X\) is \(\lambda\)-space. Also they prove that for a Tychonoff space \(X\) the space \(B_1(X)\) is meager if \(X\) is airy. For spaces \(X\) for which every countable subset is contained in a \(K\)-analytic \(G_\delta\)-subset of \(X\), the following assertions are equivalent: (i) \(B_1(X)\) is a Baire space, (ii) \(B_1(X)\) is a Choquet space, and (iii) every compact subset of \(X\) is scattered. Moreover, in this article it is proven that if \(Y\) is a Polish space and for every finite subset \(F\) of \(X\) and function \(f: F \to Y\) there is an extension \(\bar f \in C(X,Y)\) of \(f\), then \(B_1(X,Y)\) is Baire iff every countable subset of \(X\) is contained in a subset \(Z \subseteq X\) such that \(B_1(Z,Y)\) is Baire and the operator from \(B_1(X,Y)\) to \(B_1(Z,Y)\), \(f \to f\!\restriction _Z\), is surjective.

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