A regularity criterion for the Navier-Stokes equation involving only the middle eigenvalue of the strain tensor

DOI10.1007/S00205-019-01419-ZMaRDI QIDQ2296904zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Evan Miller

Publication date 18 February 2020

Published in Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.05569

zbMATH Keywords

blow-upNavier-Stokes equationregularity criterionsmooth solutions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Navier-Stokes equations (35Q30) Existence, uniqueness, and regularity theory for incompressible viscous fluids (76D03) Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Blow-up in context of PDEs (35B44) Viscous vortex flows (76D17)

Abstract: This manuscript derives an evolution equation for the symmetric part of the gradient of the velocity (the strain tensor) in the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation on $mathbb{R}^3$, and proves the existence of $L^2$ mild solutions to this equation. We use this equation to obtain a simplified identity for the growth of enstrophy for mild solutions that depends only on the strain tensor, not on the nonlocal interaction of the strain tensor with the vorticity. The resulting identity allows us to prove a new family of scale-critical, necessary and sufficient conditions for the blow-up of a solution at some finite time $T_{max}<+infty$, which depend only on the history of the positive part of the second eigenvalue of the strain matrix. Since this matrix is trace-free, this severely restricts the geometry of any finite-time blow-up. This regularity criterion provides analytic evidence of the numerically observed tendency of the vorticity to align with the eigenvector corresponding to the middle eigenvalue of the strain matrix. This regularity criterion also allows us to prove as a corollary a new scale critical, one component type, regularity criterion for a range of exponents for which there were previously no known critical, one component type regularity criteria. Furthermore, our analysis permits us to extend the known time of existence of smooth solutions with fixed initial enstrophy $E_0=frac12left|ablaotimes{u}^{0}ight{|}_{L^2}^2$ by a factor of $\mathrm{4,920}.75$---although the previous constant in the literature was not expected to be close to optimal, so this improvement is less drastic than it sounds, especially compared with numerical results. Finally, we will prove the existence and stability of blow-up for a toy model ODE for the strain equation.

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Cited in

(29)

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• Well-posedness and blowup criterion to the double-diffusive magnetoconvection system in 3D
• Fractional Navier-Stokes regularity criterion involving the positive part of the intermediate eigenvalue of the strain matrix
• Improvement of several regularity criteria for the Navier-Stokes equations
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• A Helmholtz-type decomposition for the space of symmetric matrices
• Addendum to: ``A regularity criterion for the Navier-Stokes equation involving only the middle eigenvalue of the strain tensor
• A locally anisotropic regularity criterion for the Navier-Stokes equation in terms of vorticity
• On integration of a matrix Riccati equation
• Eigenvalue regularity criteria of the three-dimensional micropolar fluid equations

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