Extreme vortex states and the growth of enstrophy in three-dimensional incompressible flows

DOI10.1017/JFM.2017.136MaRDI QIDQ5364675zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Diego Ayala, Bartosz Protas

Publication date 28 September 2017

Published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.05742

zbMATH Keywords

Navier-Stokes equationsvariational methodsvortex interactions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Viscous vortex flows (76D17)

Abstract: In this investigation we study extreme vortex states defined as incompressible velocity fields with prescribed enstrophy $mathcal{E}_0$ which maximize the instantaneous rate of growth of enstrophy $dmathcalE/dt$. We provide {an analytic} characterization of these extreme vortex states in the limit of vanishing enstrophy $mathcal{E}_0$ and, in particular, show that the Taylor-Green vortex is in fact a local maximizer of $dmathcalE/dt$ {in this limit}. For finite values of enstrophy, the extreme vortex states are computed numerically by solving a constrained variational optimization problem using a suitable gradient method. In combination with a continuation approach, this allows us to construct an entire family of maximizing vortex states parameterized by their enstrophy. We also confirm the findings of the seminal study by Lu & Doering (2008) that these extreme vortex states saturate (up to a numerical prefactor) the fundamental bound $dmathcalE/dt<C,mathcal{E}^3$, for some constant $C>0$. The time evolution corresponding to these extreme vortex states leads to a larger growth of enstrophy than the growth achieved by any of the commonly used initial conditions with the same enstrophy $mathcal{E}_0$. However, based on several different diagnostics, there is no evidence of any tendency towards singularity formation in finite time. Finally, we discuss possible physical reasons why the initially large growth of enstrophy is not sustained for longer times.

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Cited in

(18)

• Vortices, maximum growth and the problem of finite-time singularity formation
• Dynamic growth estimates of maximum vorticity for 3D incompressible Euler equations and the SQG model
• On Some Properties of the Curl Operator and Their Consequences for the Navier-Stokes System
• On Singular Vortex Patches, I: Well-posedness Issues
• Transient growth in stochastic Burgers flows
• Systematic search for singularities in 3D Euler flows
• A regularity criterion for the Navier-Stokes equation involving only the middle eigenvalue of the strain tensor
• Maximum rate of growth of enstrophy in solutions of the fractional Burgers equation
• Velocity gradient analysis of a head-on vortex ring collision
• Extreme vorticity growth in Navier-Stokes turbulence
• Maximum amplification of enstrophy in three-dimensional Navier-Stokes flows
• Global regularity for solutions of the three dimensional Navier-Stokes equation with almost two dimensional initial data
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• Maximum palinstrophy growth in 2D incompressible flows
• Identifying vortical network connectors for turbulent flow modification
• Lagrangian dynamics and regularity of the spin Euler equation
• On maximum enstrophy dissipation in 2D Navier-Stokes flows in the limit of vanishing viscosity
• An accelerated Sobolev gradient method for unconstrained optimization problems based on variable inner products

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