Numerical comparison of mass-conservative schemes for the Gross-Pitaevskii equation

DOI10.3934/KRM.2019048MaRDI QIDQ2297614zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Patrick Henning, Johan Wärnegård

Publication date 20 February 2020

Published in Kinetic and Related Models (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.10547

zbMATH Keywords

conservative schemesfinite elementsGross-Pitaevskii equationnonlinear Schrödinger equationnumerical comparison

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Soliton solutions (35C08) Time-dependent Schrödinger equations and Dirac equations (35Q41) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Method of lines for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M20) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M60) Numerical methods for Hamiltonian systems including symplectic integrators (65P10) Complexity and performance of numerical algorithms (65Y20) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Statistical mechanics of superfluids (82D50) Statistical mechanics of superconductors (82D55)

Abstract: In this paper we present a numerical comparison of various mass-conservative discretizations for the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We have three main objectives. First, we want to clarify how purely mass-conservative methods perform compared to methods that are additionally energy-conservative or symplectic. Second, we shall compare the accuracy of energy-conservative and symplectic methods among each other. Third, we will investigate if a linearized energy-conserving method suffers from a loss of accuracy compared to an approach which requires to solve a full nonlinear problem in each time-step. In order to obtain a representative comparison, our numerical experiments cover different physically relevant test cases, such as traveling solitons, stationary multi-solitons, Bose-Einstein condensates in an optical lattice and vortex pattern in a rapidly rotating superfluid. We shall also consider a computationally severe test case involving a pseudo Mott insulator. Our space discretization is based on finite elements throughout the paper. We will also give special attention to long time behavior and possible coupling conditions between time-step sizes and mesh sizes. The main observation of this paper is that mass conservation alone will not lead to a competitive method in complex settings. Furthermore, energy-conserving and symplectic methods are both reliable and accurate, yet, the energy-conservative schemes achieve a visibly higher accuracy in our test cases. Finally, the scheme that performs best throughout our experiments is an energy-conserving relaxation scheme with linear time-stepping proposed by C. Besse (SINUM,42(3):934--952,2004).

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Cited in

(16)

• Operator-compensation methods with mass and energy conservation for solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation
• A note on optimal \(H^1\)-error estimates for Crank-Nicolson approximations to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation
• COMPARISON OF FINITE‐DIFFERENCE SCHEMES FOR THE GROSS‐PITAEVSKII EQUATION
• Error estimation of the Besse relaxation scheme for a semilinear heat equation
• Superconvergence of time invariants for the Gross-Pitaevskii equation
• Convergence of exponential Lawson-multistep methods for the MCTDHF equations
• Error Estimation of the Relaxation Finite Difference Scheme for the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
• Numerical homogenization beyond scale separation
• Arbitrarily high-order structure-preserving schemes for the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with angular momentum rotation
• A two level approach for simulating Bose-Einstein condensates by localized orthogonal decomposition
• A highly accurate symplectic-preserving scheme for Gross-Pitaevskii equation
• Efficient finite element methods for semiclassical nonlinear Schrödinger equations with random potentials
• The Gross-Pitaevskii equation and eigenvector nonlinearities: numerical methods and algorithms
• Super-localised wave function approximation of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Uniform L^-bounds for energy-conserving higher-order time integrators for the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with rotation
• Shadow Lagrangian dynamics for superfluidity

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