Aspects of Hecke symmetry: anomalies, curves, and chazy equations

DOI10.3842/SIGMA.2020.001zbMATH Open1444.34108arXiv1810.07919MaRDI QIDQ2297935FDOQ2297935

Authors: S. K. Ashok, Dileep P. Jatkar, Madhusudhan Raman 

Publication date: 20 February 2020

Published in: SIGMA. Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study various relations governing quasi-automorphic forms associated to discrete subgroups of $mSL(2,mathbbR)$ called Hecke groups. We show that the Eisenstein series associated to a Hecke group $mH(m)$ satisfy a set of $m$ coupled linear differential equations, which are natural analogues of the well-known Ramanujan identities for quasi-modular forms of $mSL(2,mathbbZ)$. Each Hecke group is then associated to a (hyper-)elliptic curve, whose coefficients are determined by an anomaly equation. For the $m=3$ and $4$ cases, the Ramanujan identities admit a natural geometric interpretation as a Gauss-Manin connection on the parameter space of the elliptic curve. The Ramanujan identities also allow us to associate a nonlinear differential equation of order $m$ to each Hecke group. These equations are higher-order analogues of the Chazy equation, and we show that they are solved by the quasi-automorphic Eisenstein series $E_2^{(m)}$ associated to $mH(m)$ and its orbit under the Hecke group. We conclude by demonstrating that these nonlinear equations possess the Painlev'e property.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.07919

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zbMATH Keywords

Hecke groupschazy equationsPainlevé analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Other functions coming from differential, difference and integral equations (33E30) Automorphic forms, one variable (11F12)

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Cited In (3)

• The finiteness of derivation-invariant prime ideals and the algebraic independence of the Eisenstein series
• \(\widehat{sl(2)}\) decomposition of denominator formulae of some BKM Lie superalgebras
• Triangle groups: automorphic forms and nonlinear differential equations

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