Hahn polynomials on polyhedra and quantum integrability

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2020.107032MaRDI QIDQ2302242zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Plamen Iliev, Yuan Xu

Publication date 25 February 2020

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.03843

zbMATH Keywords

difference operatorsHahn polynomialsharmonic oscillatorhypergeometric distributionpolyhedronquantum integrable systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Orthogonal polynomials and functions in several variables expressible in terms of special functions in one variable (33C50) Connections of hypergeometric functions with groups and algebras, and related topics (33C80) Groups and algebras in quantum theory and relations with integrable systems (81R12)

Abstract: Orthogonal polynomials with respect to the hypergeometric distribution on lattices in polyhedral domains in ${mathbbR}^d$, which include hexagons in ${mathbbR}^2$ and truncated tetrahedrons in ${mathbbR}^3$, are defined and studied. The polynomials are given explicitly in terms of the classical one-dimensional Hahn polynomials. They are also characterized as common eigenfunctions of a family of commuting partial difference operators. These operators provide symmetries for a system that can be regarded as a discrete extension of the generic quantum superintegrable system on the $d$-sphere. Moreover, the discrete system is proved to possess all essential properties of the continuous system. In particular, the symmetry operators for the discrete Hamiltonian define a representation of the Kohno-Drinfeld Lie algebra on the space of orthogonal polynomials, and an explicit set of $2d-1$ generators for the symmetry algebra is constructed. Furthermore, other discrete quantum superintegrable systems, which extend the quantum harmonic oscillator, are obtained by considering appropriate limits of the parameters.

Review text

Hahn polynomials of \(d\) variables are usually defined on lattices in either a product domain or a simplex in \(\mathbb{R}^d\). The authors define some similar polynomials on lattices in certain polyhedral domains (including hexagons in \(\mathbb{R}^2\), truncated tetrahedron in \(\mathbb{R}^3\)), and investigate their properties. These polynomials, called Hahn polynomials on the polyhedron, have several remarkable properties: they are orthogonal with the respect to the hypergeometric distribution on the considered lattices, can be described explicitly in terms of the classical one-dimensional Hahn polynomials, are eigenfunctions of a family of commuting partial difference operators. These difference operators describe symmetries of a discrete quantum Hamiltonian system which can be regarded as a discrete extension of a generic quantum superintegrable system on the \(d\)-sphere. Because Krawtchouk, Meixner and Charlier polinomials of several variables are limiting cases of Hahn polynomials, several other superintegrable systems can be obtained by considering appropriate limits of parameters. All these systems extend the quantum harmonic oscillator.

Recommendations

• Hahn polynomials for hypergeometric distribution
• The generic quantum superintegrable system on the sphere and Racah operators
• The multivariate Hahn polynomials and the singular oscillator
• Quantum systems associated with the Hahn and continuous Hahn polynomials
• A superintegrable discrete oscillator and two-variable Meixner polynomials

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Cited in

(11)

• Quantum systems associated with the Hahn and continuous Hahn polynomials
• Racah problems for the oscillator algebra, the Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{sl}_n\), and multivariate Krawtchouk polynomials
• Harmonic analysis of boxed hyperoctahedral Hall-Littlewood polynomials
• Hahn polynomials for hypergeometric distribution
• Representations of the rank two Racah algebra and orthogonal multivariate polynomials
• The multivariate Hahn polynomials and the singular oscillator
• On the connection between continuous Hahn polynomials and the Heisenberg algebra
• The \(q\)-Bannai-Ito algebra and multivariate \((-q)\)-Racah and Bannai-Ito polynomials
• The Racah algebra: an overview and recent results
• Gaudin model for the multinomial distribution
• Spectral analysis of an open q-difference Toda chain with two-sided boundary interactions on the finite integer lattice

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