Semigroup expansions for non-selfadjoint Schrödinger operators
Completeness of eigenfunctions and eigenfunction expansions in context of PDEs (35P10) One-parameter semigroups and linear evolution equations (47D06) Schrödinger and Feynman-Kac semigroups (47D08) Semiclassical techniques, including WKB and Maslov methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81Q20)
The authors prove an expansion for the evolution semigroup for a class of non-selfadjoint magnetic Schrödinger operators in the large time limit. Precisely, for \[p(x,\xi)=(\xi-A(x))^2 +V(x), \qquad V=V_1+i V_2,\] under suitable growth restrictions on \(A(x)\) and bounds for \(V_1\) and \(V_2\), one can consider the contraction semigroup \(e^{-tP/h}\) where \(P\) is the semiclassical Weyl quantization of \(p\). Then, the authors show that in the \(L^2\) sense, uniformly as \(t\to0\) and \(h\to 0^+\), that \[e^{-tP/h} = \sum_{\mu_{j,k}\in \Lambda} e^{-t \lambda_{jk}/h} \Pi_{jk} + \mathcal{O}(e^{-ta})\] where \(\Lambda = \left\{ \mu_{jk}: \Re(\mu_{jk}) < a\right\}\) and the \(\lambda_{jk}\) are eigenvalues of \(P\) associated to \(\mu_{jk}\). Finally, \(\Pi_{jk}\) is the corresponding rank one spectral projection. The authors end by determining the spectrum of a non-selfadjoint operator of the form \[Q = (D_x-Ax)^2 + \dfrac{1}{2}Vx \cdot x.\]
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