On the multiple holomorph of a finite almost simple group

MaRDI QIDQ2329083zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Cindy (Sin Yi) Tsang

Publication date 17 October 2019

Published in The New York Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09754, http://nyjm.albany.edu/j/2019/25-41.html

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zbMATH Keywords

almost simple groupsholomorph and multiple holomorphHopf-Galois structuresregular subgroups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Automorphisms and endomorphisms of algebraic structures (08A35) Separable extensions, Galois theory (12F10) Subgroups of symmetric groups (20B35) Finite simple groups and their classification (20D05) Simple groups: alternating groups and groups of Lie type (20D06) Simple groups: sporadic groups (20D08) Products of subgroups of abstract finite groups (20D40)

Abstract: Let $G$ be a group. Let $mathrmPerm(G)$ denote its symmetric group and write $mathrmHol(G)$ for the normalizer of the subgroup of left translations in $mathrmPerm(G)$. The multiple holomorph $mathrmNHol(G)$ of $G$ is in turn defined to be the normalizer of $mathrmHol(G)$ in $mathrmPerm(G)$. In this paper, we shall show that the quotient group $mathrmNHol(G)/mathrmHol(G)$ has order two when $G$ is finite and almost simple. As an application of our techniques, we shall also develop a method to count the number of Hopf-Galois structures of isomorphic type on a finite almost simple extension in terms of fixed point free endomorphisms.

Review text

Let \(G\) be a group, and \(\operatorname{Perm}(G)\) be the group of permutations of the underlying set \(G\). Let \(\rho : G \to \operatorname{Perm}(G)\) be the right regular representation, mapping \(g \mapsto (x \mapsto x g)\). It is well known that the (permutational) holomorph \(\operatorname{Hol}(G)\) of \(G\), that is, the normaliser \(N_{\operatorname{Perm}(G)}(\rho(G))\), is isomorphic to the (abstract) holomorph \(\operatorname{Aut}(G) G\) of \(G\). \par The multiple holomorph \(\operatorname{NHol}(G) = N_{\operatorname{Perm}(G)}(\operatorname{Hol}(G))\) acts transitively on the set \(\mathcal{H}_{0}(G)\) of the regular subgroups \(R\) of \(\operatorname{Hol}(G)\) which are isomorphic to \(G\) and such that \(N_{\operatorname{Perm}(G)}(R) = \operatorname{Hol}(G)\), so that the quotient \(T(G) = \operatorname{NHol}(G)/\operatorname{Hol}(G)\) acts regularly on \(\mathcal{H}_{0}(G)\). The study of \(T(G)\) has been revived in recent years by \textit{T. Kohl} [Commun. Algebra 43, No. 10, 4290--4304 (2015; Zbl 1342.20001)]. Let \(\mathcal{H}_{1}(G)\) be the set of the regular subgroup \(R \trianglelefteq \operatorname{Hol}(G)\), and \(\mathcal{H}_{2}(G)\) be the set of the regular subgroup \(R \le \operatorname{Hol}(G)\) which are isomorphic to \(G\). Clearly \(\mathcal{H}_{0}(G) \subseteq \mathcal{H}_{1}(G) \cap \mathcal{H}_{2}(G)\). \textit{S. Carnahan} and \textit{L. Childs} have proved in [J. Algebra 218, No. 1, 81--92 (1999; Zbl 0988.12003)] that \(\mathcal{H}_{2}(G)\), and thus \(T(G)\), have order \(2\) when \(G\) is a finite nonabelian simple group. The author of the paper under review has shown that the same result holds when \(G\) is a finite quasisimple group, that is, \(G = [G, G]\) and \(G/Z(G)\) is simple [the author, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 223, No. 7, 2804--2821 (2019; Zbl 1472.12001)]. When \(G\) is a finite almost simple group, that is, \(\operatorname{Inn}(T) \le G \le \operatorname{Aut}(T)\) for some nonabelian finite simple group \(T\), the author has proved that \(\mathcal{H}_{2}(G)\) can be arbitrarily large [the author, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 147, No. 12, 5093--5103 (2019; Zbl 1441.16039)]. The main result of the paper under review is that if \(G\) is a finite almost simple group, then \(\mathcal{H}_{1}(G)\), and thus \(T(G)\), have order \(2\).

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Cited in

(16)

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• Finite \(p\)-groups of class two with a large multiple holomorph
• Mutually normalizing regular permutation groups and Zappa-Szép extensions of the holomorph
• Hopf-Galois structures on finite extensions with almost simple Galois group
• The multiple holomorph of a semidirect product of groups having coprime exponents
• On the multiple holomorph of groups of squarefree or odd prime power order
• Groups that have the same holomorph as a finite perfect group
• Multiple holomorphs of dihedral and quaternionic groups.
• Hopf–Galois structures on finite extensions with quasisimple Galois group
• The holomorph of an extra-special \(p\)-group
• The multiple holomorph of split metacyclic p-groups
• Non‐abelian simple groups which occur as the type of a Hopf–Galois structure on a solvable extension
• On insoluble transitive subgroups in the holomorph of a finite soluble group
• Normalizer quotients of symmetric groups and inner holomorphs
• The multiple holomorph of centerless groups
• On the holomorph of finite semisimple groups

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