Anisotropic Shubin operators and eigenfunction expansions in Gelfand-Shilov spaces

being a model operator, and on the decay of the Fourier coefficients in the related eigenfunction expansions. Similar results are obtained for the spaces

S i g m a^{m} u_{u} (R^{n})

,

m u, u > 0

,

m u + u > 1

, cf. eqref{GSdef}. In contrast to the symmetric case

m u = u

and

k = m

(classical Shubin operators) we encounter resonance type phenomena involving the ratio

k a p p a := m u / u

; namely we obtain a characterization of

m a t h c a l S^{m} u_{u} (R^{n})

and

S i g m a^{m} u_{u} (R^{n})

in the case

m u = k t / (k + m), u = m t / (k + m), t g e q 1

, that is, when

k a p p a = k / m i n Q

.

Review text

This paper deals with characterization of the nonsymmetric \((\mu \ne\nu)\) Gelfand-Shilov spaces \(\mathcal{S}^\mu_{\nu}(\mathbb{R}^n)\), \(\mu> 0\), \(\nu>0\), \(\mu+\nu\ge 1\) by Gevrey type estimates of the \(L^2\) norms of the iterates \(P^\ell u\), \(\ell\in\mathbb{N}\), \(u\in\mathcal{S} (\mathbb{R}^n)\) of positive anisotropic globally elliptic Shubin differential operators \(P\) of the type \((m,k)\), \(m,k\in 2\mathbb{N}\) and by means of the decay of the Fourier coefficients \(u_j\) of the eigenfunction expansions of functions \(u\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)\); \(u=\sum^\infty_1u_j\varphi_j\), \(\{\varphi_j\}^\infty_1\) being the orthonormal basis of eigenfunctions associated to \(P\) and \(\{\lambda_j\}^\infty_1\) being the corresponding eigenvalues. The \((m,k)\) anisotropic Shubin operator \[ P=\sum_{\frac{|\alpha|}{m}+ \frac{|\beta|}{k}\le 1}c_{\alpha\beta}x^\beta\mathcal{D}^\alpha_x \] is elliptic in \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\) if its principal symbol \(p_{m,k}(x,\xi) \ne 0\) for \((x,\xi)\ne(0,0)\) and positive if moreover \(p(x,\xi)\ge 0\), where \(p\) is the full symbol of \(P\). Similar results are obtained for the projective Gelfand-Shilov spaces \(\Sigma^\mu_\nu(\mathbb{R}^n)\), \(\mu+\nu>1\). The main results in the paper are valid for both spaces in the case \(\mu=\frac{kt}{k+m}\), \(\nu=\frac{mt}{k+m}\), \(t\ge 1\), i.e., when \(\frac{\mu}{\nu}=\frac km\in\mathbb{Q}\).

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