Indices of O-regular variation for weight functions and weight sequences

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Abstract: A plethora of spaces in Functional Analysis (Braun-Meise-Taylor and Carleman ultradifferentiable and ultraholomorphic classes; Orlicz, Besov, Lipschitz, Lebesque spaces, to cite the main ones) are defined by means of a weighted structure, obtained from a weight function or sequence subject to standard conditions entailing desirable properties (algebraic closure, stability under operators, interpolation, etc.) for the corresponding spaces. The aim of this paper is to stress or reveal the true nature of these diverse conditions imposed on weights, appearing in a scattered and disconnected way in the literature: they turn out to fall into the framework of O-regular variation, and many of them are equivalent formulations of one and the same feature. Moreover, we study several indices of regularity/growth for both functions and sequences, which allow for the rephrasing of qualitative properties in terms of quantitative statements.


The motivation of the article under review arises from the study of ultraholomorphic and ultradifferentiable classes of functions. These classes consist of smooth or analytic functions defined in an appropriate region. One of the main topics regarding these classes is the characterization of the properties of the ultradifferentiable or ultraholomorphic class in terms of properties of the corresponding weight sequence or weight function utilized to define it. The aim of this paper is to reveal the nature of diverse conditions imposed on weights, which appear in a scattered and disconnected way in the literature. They turn out to fall into the classical theory of regular variation, more precisely, on the notion of O-regular variation of \textit{N. H. Bingham} et al. [Regular variation. Paperback ed. Cambridge etc.: Cambridge University Press (1989; Zbl 0667.26003)]. With this tool, the equivalence between the different conditions is provided and qualitative properties of the class are expressed in terms of some quantitative values, the growth orders and the Matuszewska indices, which turn out to coincide also with some indices for functions and sequences, which are investigated in the article, too. Moreover, the differences and similarities between the function and the sequence approaches are explained.



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