Orbit closures and invariants

DOI10.1007/S00209-019-02228-6MaRDI QIDQ2332869zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Michael Bate, Haralampos Geranios, Benjamin Martin

Publication date 5 November 2019

Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.00924

zbMATH Keywords

\(G\)-complete reducibilitydouble cosetsgeometric invariant theoryquotient varietyétale slice

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometric invariant theory (14L24) Group actions on varieties or schemes (quotients) (14L30) Linear algebraic groups over arbitrary fields (20G15)

Abstract: Let G be a reductive linear algebraic group, H a reductive subgroup of G and X an affine G-variety. Let Y denote the set of fixed points of H in X, and N(H) the normalizer of H in G. In this paper we study the natural map from the quotient of Y by N(H) to the quotient of X by G induced by the inclusion of Y in X. We show that, given G and H, this map is a finite morphism for all G-varieties X if and only if H is G-completely reducible (in the sense defined by J-P. Serre); this was proved in characteristic zero by Luna in the 1970s. We discuss some applications and give a criterion for the map of quotients to be an isomorphism. We show how to extend some other results in Luna's paper to positive characteristic and also prove the following theorem. Let H and K be reductive subgroups of G; then the double coset HgK is closed for generic g in G if and only if the intersection of generic conjugates of H and K is reductive.

Review text

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field, and let \(G\) be a reductive group over \(k\). The main result (Theorem 1.1) of the article affirms that for a reductive subgroup \(H\subset G\), the following are equivalent: (i) \(H\) is \(G\)-completely reducible; (ii) the normalizer \(N_G(H)\) is reductive and for every affine \(k\)-variety \(X\) the natural morphism of geometric quotients \(\psi_{X, H}: X^H / N_G(H) \to X/G\) induced by the inclusion \(X^H \hookrightarrow X\) of \(H\)-fixed locus is finite. As a reminder, a subgroup \(H\) of \(G\) is said to be \(G\)-completely reducible if for every parabolic subgroup \(P \subset G\) such that \(H \subset P\), there is a Levi subgroup \(L \subset P\) such that \(H \subset L\). This important notion is due to J.-P. Serre, and can be generalized to non-connected reductive groups. The authors also give a criterion (Theorem 7.2) for \(\psi_{X, H}\) to be finite and bijective. When \(k\) is of characteristic zero, the main theorem has been proven by D. Luna using the powerful machninery of étale slices, in which case the complete reducibility in (i) is equivalent to \(H\) being reductive. The method here is uniform for all \(k\), and it shows that Serre's notion of \(G\)-complete reducibility is indeed a good substitute of linear reducibility when one wants to generalize classical results in geometric invariant theory to arbitrary characteristics.

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Cited in

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