New limiting absorption and limit amplitude principles for periodic operators

Homogenization in context of PDEs; PDEs in media with periodic structure (35B27) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Initial value problems for second-order hyperbolic equations (35L15) Waves and radiation in optics and electromagnetic theory (78A40)

Review text

The article under review is concerned with the wave equation \(u+Lu=e^{i\omega t}g\) subject to appropriate initial conditions, where \(L\) is a differential operator, which is assumed to be given as a direct integral of operators with compact resolvent \((L_k)_k\) for \(k\) belonging to a \(d\)-dimensional cube. Moreover, among other hypotheses, the functions \((k\mapsto\lambda_s(k))_{s\in\mathbb{N}}\) describing the eigenvalues of \((L_k)_k\) are assumed to be Lipschitz. One aim of the article is to establish a limiting absorption principle, that is, \((L-(\omega+i\delta)^2)^{-1}g\) converges to a solution of \((L-\omega^2)v=g\) as \(\delta\to\pm 0\) for all \(g\in L^2\). Call these limits limiting absorption solutions. Moreover, the author shows that, asymptotically, for large values of \(t\), the solution to \(u+Lu=e^{i\omega t}g\) behaves like \(e^{i\omega t}v\), for \(v\) being a limit absorption solution. As the eigenvalue functions are assumed to be Lipschitz continuous only, the author needs to invoke Clarke's generalized derivatives. Furthermore, for obtaining the main results, both properties of the Hilbert transform and a known solution decomposition for the (abstract) wave equation into a transitory term and an asymptotic term are employed.

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