Augmentative biocontrol when natural enemies are subject to Allee effects
Ordinary differential equations with impulses (34A37) Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Qualitative investigation and simulation of ordinary differential equation models (34C60) Stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D20) Control problems involving ordinary differential equations (34H05) Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Asymptotic stability in control theory (93D20)
In this paper the authors consider hybrid control systems representing the biological evolution of two populations: prey (denoted by \(x\)) and predator (denoted by \(y\)). The pray is thought of as a pest, while the predator is a species of natural enemies. The model includes so-called (intra-specific) component Allee effects. In the more general form, the continuous time component of the system writes \[ \begin{cases} \dot x = f(x) -g(x)q_f(y)y, \\ \dot y = h(g(x)q_f(y))q_r(y)y-d(g(x)q_f(y))y\end{cases} \] (\(t\not=nT\)) where the functions \(f, h, g, q_f, q_r\) satisfy suitable assumptions motivated by the application. The control is exerted through a third (discrete time) equation \[ y(nT^+)=y(nT)+\mu T \] describing the periodic introduction of predators. The authors prove the existence of a periodic pest-free solution, and give conditions for its asymptotic stability. Several aspects of the problem are discussed, and numerical simulations are presented.
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