Nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials and matrix coefficients for unramified principal series

Symmetric functions and generalizations (05E05) Analysis on (p)-adic Lie groups (22E35) Basic orthogonal polynomials and functions associated with root systems (Macdonald polynomials, etc.) (33D52) Connections of basic hypergeometric functions with quantum groups, Chevalley groups, (p)-adic groups, Hecke algebras, and related topics (33D80) Harmonic analysis and spherical functions (43A90)

Abstract: We show how a certain limit of the nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials appears in the representation theory of semisimple groups over p--adic fields as matrix coefficients for the unramified principal series representations. The result is the nonsymmetric counterpart of a classical result relating the same limit of the symmetric Macdonald polynomials to zonal spherical functions on groups of p--adic type.

Review text

Despite the growing importance of nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials \(E_{\lambda}(q,t)\), not much is known with respect to their interpretation in classical representation-theoretical terms. The main difficulties are in the lack of explicit formulas and in the fact that most special functions (Weyl characters, spherical functions, conformal blocks) appearing in representation theory are Weyl group invariant (and the nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials are not invariant under the action of the Weyl group). The goal of the paper under review is to give an interpretation for the limit \(E_{\lambda}(\infty,t)\), as \(q\) tends to infinity, in the spirit of the limit \(P_{\lambda}(\infty,t)\) of their symmetric counterparts, which describe the values of spherical functions on groups \(G\) over \(\mathfrak p\)-adic fields with respect to special maximal compact subgroups \(K\) of \(G\). The zonal spherical functions are in fact matrix coefficients for irreducible spherical representations, and the main results of the paper give the values of specific matrix coefficients for unramified principal series representations of \(G\). In contrast with the case of symmetric Macdonald polynomials where the results are established by comparing explicit formulas, the noncommutative case considered in the paper is based on a recursion formula obtained earlier by the author.

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